Checklist BOE

The checklist of Birds of Egypt, follows Vaurie (1977) and adopted the taxonomy and sequences recommended by Asociaton of European Rarities Committee-TAC.
Some historical records, and field observations which can not be traced or verified has been highlighted in red. These include the specimens collected by Clot Bay (1841) and held at the Natural Hystory Museum Grenoble.
Some minor changes have been made in the Genus Phylloscopus and Acrocephalus. The Mountain Chiffchaf (Phylloscopus sindianus lorenzii) is admitted as a full species and the African Reed Warbler (Acrocephalus baeticatus aviciene) is included in the checklist as a full species, due to the apparent isolation of the species in the mangrove swamps, for the ease of reference.
Unverifiable records have been highlighted in red, as well as some species and subspecies which have been reported by Meinertzhagen (1930), due to his relative recent discreditation.

Abbreviations used:

FB-former breeder
RB-resident breeder
MB-migrant breeder
CB-casual breeder
IB-introduced breeder
PV-passage visitor
AV-accidental visitor
E-extinct
( ) - abbreviations used in parentheses, indicates that the status is variable or irregular
? – status uncertain

GZM-Giza Zoological Museum
BNHM-British Natural History Museum
FNMH-French natural History Museum
UMMZ-University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
EEAA-Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency

This checklist has been written for everyone who may be interested in ornithology, and can be duplicated and distributed to colleagues or quoted without attribution for noncommercial purposes. Please help us to improve the checklist, by submitting Your records to us.

Family Genus Species Subspecies Status in Egypt Comments & references about the occurrence in Egypt Range and comments
STRUTHIONIDAE            
Ostrich Struthio  camelus camelus  FB RB? Restricted to Gebel Elba area in extreme South East.Last breeding recorded from 1982, 60km north-east of Aswan (Goodman et al. 1989).January 1990: 4 Wadi Allaqi (east of Lake Nasser) (Ahmed Billal & Irina Springuel in Sherif M. Baha El Din 1992 Northern Africa formerly north to Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya and Egypt [includes spatzi, rothschildi]
      syriacus Exctinct Last known record from Gebel Maghara 22 April 1816 (Burckhard)  
GAVIIDAE            
Black-throated Diver Gavia  arctica   AV? Egyptian record claim not accepted , but has been recorded at Eilat, Israel.  
Red-throated Diver Gavia  stellata    AV   (monotypic) [includes squamata]
PODICIPEDIDAE            
Little Grebe Tachybaptus ruficollis (1) ruficollis  RB WV Regular breeding the Nature Reserve of The First Cataract Islands Saluga & Ghazal 14-05-2008: 1 Saluga 16, 17& 18-09-2002: 8, 3, 9, includ. 2 juv. Saluga 02-11-1999: 4 Saluga & Ghazal 03-11-1999: 5 idem 29-10 & 5-11-2001: 1 pair with 3 chicks Saluga 19-10 to 08-11-2001: 1- 7 daily Saluga & Ghazal (pair with chicks) 19-11-1996: 3 Saluga 11-12-2007: 3, of which 1 juv. Saluga  North-west Africa, Europe, western Turkey, and Israel 
      (2) capensis  RB WV Oasis Of Western Desert Afrotropics, Egypt, and from Caucasus area and northern Iran east to central Asia [includes albipennis]
Great Crested Grebe Podiceps  cristatus  cristatus FB WV    
Red-necked Grebe Podiceps  grisegena  grisegena  AV   Europe and north-west Asia [includes balchaschensis]
Black-necked Grebe Podiceps  nigricollis  nigricollis WV 04-02-2000 1 Saluga Isl. ,wounded, not able to fly. From October and November 1999 seen until 28-02-2001 05-12-2005 5 Aswan Reservoir (Haraldsson 2006.1) 05-12-2008 5 Aswan Reservoir 09-12-2008 1 east bank between Aswan city and the bridge 13-12-2007 11 Aswan Reservoir One overwinter at Hurghada sewagee pools 2007/2008/2009  
DIOMEDEIDAE            
Shy Albatross(White-capped) Thalassarche cauta  cauta AV   vagrant to Israel and Egypt
PROCELLARIIDAE            
Cory's Shearwater Calonectris  diomedea diomedea PV WV 1 ad.mummified,SW of Kharga(22°51N'28°06'E)on 13th of Feb 1989, Publ Sandgrouse 1991 13/2 Mediterranean basin [includes flavirostris]
Wedge-tailed Shearwater Puffinus  pacificus    AV 1989 March. Data published in : Killian Mullarney,Lars Svensson,Dan Zetterström,Peter J.Grant-Bird Guide,The most Complete Field Guide To the Birds of Britain and Europe, HarperCollins,London,1999  (monotypic) [includes chlororhynchus, cuneatus]
Sooty Shearwater Puffinus  griseus    PV   (monotypic)
Manx Shearwater Puffinus  puffinus   PV WV    
Balearic Shearwater Puffinus  mauretanicus    PM WV   (monotypic)
Audubon's (Persian) Shearwater Puffinus  lherminieri persicus  AV 1991 September- Data published in : Killian Mullarney,Lars Svensson,Dan Zetterström,Peter J.Grant-Bird Guide,The most Complete Field Guide To the Birds of Britain and Europe, HarperCollins,London,1999 . Birds of Israel. Arabian Sea, vagrant WP (often treated as a distinct species)
HYDROBATIDAE            
Leach's Storm-Petrel Oceanodroma  leucorhoa  leucorhoa AV 1observed (4th obs.) in Zaranik, on3th of Dec1998.  
Wilson`s Storm-Petrel Oceanites oceanicus oceanicus PV   Subantarctic islands of Atlantic and Indian Ocean 
PHAETHONTIDAE            
Red-billed Tropicbird Phaethon  aethereus indicus RB Rare breeder on the islands (Offshore Hurghada, Hamata and Berenicle).  Red Sea to Indian Ocean
SULIDAE            
Brown Booby Sula  leucogaster plotus  RB Breeding on Zabragad Island, and Hurghada Archipeleago. 1 recorded off Abu Zenima on27 of Dec 1997,most northen record ever in the Gulf of Suez.  
Northern Gannet Morus  bassanus    PV WV Along the Mediteranean coastline and Zaranik area. 1 was recorded in Zaranik area on 9 of May 1997 (12th) (monotypic)
PHALACROCORACIDAE            
Great Cormorant Phalacrocorax  carbo sinensis  PV WV Thousands are gathering on Lake Nasser near Abu Simbel 25-11 to 02-12-2007: 1523 Lake Nasser from High Dam to Abu Simbel by boat: (funded by GAINS, with EEAA Aswan and Wed Abdu from Wadi Ryan) Europe (except coasts of Atlantic Ocean) and Asia [includes subcormoranus, hanedae]
      lucidus  AV? Never seen, but high probability to disperse to extreme S Egypt. Afrotropics, north to Cape Verde Islands and Banc d'Arguin (Mauritania), sub-saharian Africa.
European Shag Phalacrocorax  aristotelis desmarestii  AV 1 on 20 Nov 1989 on Abu Minghar-Sharif MBD&Saleh 28–9-1990: 2 off Salum's cliffs (Sherif & Mindy Baha El Din in Sherif M. Baha El Din 1992) Mediterranean and Black Sea
Pygmy Cormorant Phalacrocorax  pygmeus    AV Publ. Birds of Israel (monotypic)
Long-tailed Cormorant Phalacrocorax  africanus  africanus FB Vagrant FB at Faiyum, Lake Manzala, Lake Quarun 21-03-1988: 8 Lake Naser, 50 km south of Aswan (Henrik Dissing & Jasper Madsen in Sherif M. Baha El Din 1992)  
ANHINGIDAE            
African Darter Anhinga  melanogaster rufa AV   southern Iraq
PELECANIDAE            
Great White Pelican Pelecanus  onocrotalus    PV WV 2 at Safaga flying from sea to the mountains on 18 June 2008 by M.I 21-05-2007: 25 Lake Nasser 24-05-2007: 65 flying north Lake Nasser 15-11-1994: >200 Luxor south 25-11 to 02-12-2007: 187 Lake Nasser from High Dam to Abu Simbel by boat (funded by GAINS, with EEAA Aswan and Wed Abdu from Wadi Ryan) (monotypic)
Dalmatian Pelican Pelecanus  crispus    WV   (monotypic)
Pink-backed Pelican Pelecanus  rufescens    PV WV Regulary seen in Abu Simbel 23-05-2007: 3 Lake Nasser, about 20 km north east of Garf Husein (GPS N 23°19’ 48’’ E 032°53’19’’)(photo) 17-06-1990: 64 Abu Simbel area (Sherif & Mindy Baha el Din in Sherif M. Baha El Din 1992) (monotypic)
ARDEIDAE            
Great Bittern Botaurus  stellaris  stellaris  WV Along the Nile Valley, up to Aswan28-03-1996 . 2 at Isis island (Coles 1998) 11-10-1995 1 south Aswan  [includes orientalis]
Little Bittern Ixobrychus  minutus (1) minutus  RB PV WV   Palearctic
      (2) payesii  AV? Probably overlooked. Afrotropics, vagrant WP
Black-crowned Night Heron Nycticorax  nycticorax  nycticorax RB? PV WV 17-04-1997: Inhabitants of Sehel-island claim Night Herons breed here every summer (August, high waterlevel!) for years. In summer of 2007 a boy have collected eggs and young chicks. In 4 huge, dense Acacia-trees overhanging the water I found 6 old empty nests, probably from Night Herons (D.Hoeck) 04-11-2001 11 hiding in dense Acacia-trees, most of them juveniles, but already able to fly. We also discovered some nests in these Acacia’s. Mr. Mahmoud Hasseb (EEAA Aswan, First Cataract Islands) found this summer some unidentified eggshells under these Acacia’s. 2007 and 2008: 2 colonies: Bahrif island, Bahrif village, north of Aswan.   
Striated Heron Butorides  striata brevipes RB    
      atricapilla RB? PV WV 1993: breeding in Aswan first proven. Breeding long expected. (Dijkstra, 1997) 2008: different nest sites discovered. 26-04-2007: 4 at Nile Barrage Qanater, north of Cairo 25-11 to 02-12-2007: Lake Nasser only 1 from High Dam to Abu Simbel by boat:(funded by GAINS, with EEAA Aswan and Wed Abdu from Wadi Ryan) Afrotropics,Wagrant WP
Squacco Heron Ardeola  ralloides    RB PV WV By D.Hoeck: 22-05-2007: 1 mixed colony > 10 occupied nests Lake Nasser, Dahmeed Shark (Khor Essunta area) N 23°42’36’’ E 032°58’11’’ 25-05-2007: 1 mixed colony 20 occupied nests Lake Nasser, Khor Koresko N 23°35’30’’E 032°18’30’’ 26-05-2007: 1 mixed colony 'a few' occupied nests Lake Nasser north of Subua N 23°05’49’’E 032°40’57’’ 25-11 to 02-12-2007: 98 Lake Nasser from High Dam to Abu Simbel by boat:(funded by GAINS, with EEAA Aswan and Wed Abdu from Wadi Ryan)  (monotypic)
Indian Pond Heron Ardeola  grayi   AV Published in Alula 12(3)(2006): 114-119  
Cattle Egret Bubulcus  ibis  ibis  RB PV WV Dick Hoeck:01-05-1997: at least 100 occupied nests in a park in El Minya (seen from the train) 30-01-2000: >1940 on a roosting site with Date Palm trees, Mut, (behind Garden Hotel) Dahla Oasis. On the same site were at least 4 nests with young, almost fledging. 22-05-2007: 1 mixed colony > 20 occupied nests Lake Nasser, Dahmeed Shark (Khor Essunta area) N 23°42’36’’ E 032°58’11’’ 25-05-2007: 1 mixed colony 5 occupied nests Lake Nasser, Khor Koresko N 23°35’30’’E 032°18’30’’ 26-05-2007: 1 mixed colony ? occupied nests Lake Nasser north of Subua N 23°05’49’’E 032°40’57’’ 25-11 to 02-12-2007: 257 Lake Nasser from High Dam to Abu Simbel by boat:(funded by GAINS, with EEAA Aswan and Wed Abdu from Wadi Ryan) [includes ruficrista, seychellarum]
Western Reef Egret Egretta  gularis schistacea  RB   Red Sea to India
Little Egret Egretta  garzetta  garzetta RB PV WV 22-05-2007: 1 mixed colony > 100 occupied nests Lake Nasser, Dahmeed Shark (Khor Essunta area) N 23°42’36’’ E 032°58’11’’ 25-05-2007: 1 mixed colony 100 occupied nests Lake Nasser, Khor Koresko N 23°35’30’’E 032°18’30’’ 26-05-2007: 1 mixed colony 50 occupied nests Lake Nasser north of Subua N 23°05’49’’E 032°40’57’’ 25-11 to 02-12-2007: 567 Lake Nasser from High Dam to Abu Simbel by boat:(funded by GAINS, with EEAA people Aswan and Wed Abdu from Wadi Ryan) Informations and records from Dick Hoeck.   
Intermediate Egret Egretta  intermedia   AV Birds of Israel  
Great Egret Casmerodius albus albus PV WV 20-11-1995: 2 oasis Siwa, lake Siwa 22-11-1995: 4 idem 25-11 to 02-12-2007: zero Lake Nasser from High Dam to Abu Simbel by boat:(funded by GAINS, with EEAA Aswan and Wed Abdu from Wadi Ryan)  
Grey Heron Ardea  cinerea  cinerea CB PV WV 25-11 to 02-12-2007: 778 Lake Nasser from High Dam to Abu Simbel by boat:(funded by GAINS, with EEAA Aswan and Wed Abdu from Wadi Ryan) A common PV and WV at El Gouna sewage farm (I.Moldovan) Africa (except Mauritania), Europe, and northern and south-western Asia
Purple Heron Ardea  purpurea purpurea  PV WV RB RB at Aswan(2007 and 2008), chicks seen by Dick Hoeck and published in Sandgrouse . One at Hurghada sewage farm in Now 2008 by I Moldovan. 21- 05 till 26-05-2007: during this survey on Lake Nasser we counted ca 35 Purple Herons, breeding possible. 25-11 to 02-12-2007: 22 Lake Nasser from High Dam to Abu Simbel by boat:(funded by GAINS, with EEAA Aswan and Wed Abdu from Wadi Ryan) Africa (except Cape Verde Islands and Madagascar) and Europe east to Kazakhstan
Black-headed Heron Ardea  melanocephala   AV Claimed from Nile (per Peter Meininger) and Red Sea  
Black Heron Ardea  ardesiaca   AV Two birds reported from Aswan (Elephantine Island) on 2 and 3 August 1980, by Dr.Reneé Dekker, Brederodestraat 24, 1054 MT Amsterdam. Published in Dutch Birding3 (3):80 No photo were made. Breeds in Africa, south of Sahara.
Goliath Heron Ardea  goliath    RB 6 at Wadi Lahami on 20 of March 2008 by Istvan Moldován and Lajos Nemeth. Nest found in 7 th of April 2006 by Pierre André Chrochet Two were at Wadi Lahami on 1st March 2009, seen by Eric Jan Alblas ej.alblas@kpnplanet.nl (monotypic)
CICONIIDAE            
Yellow-billed Stork Mycteria  ibis    ? 12 on 2 of May 2008 at Abu Simbel by Tomas Haraldsson (monotypic)
Black Stork Ciconia  nigra    PV 19 on 11 of April 2008 at Ain Sokhna (István Moldován) 16-01-2006: 9 Sehel Island 21-01-2006: 4 Saluga 08-02-2000: 1 Sehel Island 15-11-2007: 1 soaring garbage dump 20-11-2007: 4 Sehel island 01-12-1997: 4 flying south 04-12-2004: 1 Sehel Island 03-12-2008: 1 soaring above the garbage dump 11-12-2007: 2 Saluga & Ghazal 1 juvenile with colour ring: Sehel island, 20 Nov.2007. Ringed as a pullus in Latvia, in the Jekabpils district, 56.2550 North, 25.6530 East on 2 July 2007 by M.Strazds and H.Hofmanis with a metal ring and a white ring with black inscriptions, 0A01. (Source:Dick Hoeck) One bird at Dakhla Oasis on 2 and 3 March 2009 by Enno Ebels ebels@wxs.nl   (monotypic)
White Stork Ciconia  ciconia  ciconia PV WV 1 over summer at Sewage works at Hurghada 2008 Jun-July  
Mute Swan Cygnus  olor    WV   (monotypic)
Whooper Swan Cygnus  cygnus    AV   (monotypic) [includes islandicus]
Bean Goose Anser  fabalis fabalis  AV Two wings in the collection of GZM(2038) collected in December 1922 at „Hod el Raml”. Taiga of northern Europe to west Siberia [includes johanseni]
Greater White-fronted Goose Anser  albifrons albifrons  WV   Northern Russia
Lesser White-fronted Goose Anser  erythropus    AV   (monotypic)
Greylag Goose Anser  anser rubrirostris  AV   Central and eastern Europe and Asia
Barnacle Goose Branta  leucopsis    AV 1 specimen colected on 16 April 1931 near Helevan. Specimen in the collection of Entomological Society,Cairo.  (monotypic)
Red-breasted Goose Branta  ruficollis    AV A former winter visitor, represented in the famous portret of the „Geese of Meydun” (Old Kingdom 5th dinasty).Recorded in Israel. (monotypic)
Egyptian Goose Alopochen  aegyptiaca   RB 1 at Hurgada Sewage Works on 25 March 2007 by Robert Lasecki petrel@o2.pl petrel@tlen.pl 1 at Naama Bay on 01.12.2000. At the sewage-ponds northwest of Naama Bay by Tommy Pedersen, Oslo,Norway (monotypic)
Spur-winged Goose Plectropterus gamibiensis   I In Delta found in feral flocks, but not known if any wild birds have ever ocurred. Bones have been found from hystorical times. Widespread in Africa, native in Sudan
Ruddy Shelduck Tadorna  ferruginea    PM WV 18-11-1996: 3 sandbank along Corniche Aswan 29-11 & 02-12-1995: 2 Aswan 06-12-2007: 3 on a sandbank, along Corniche Aswan(Dick Hoeck) 31-01-2000: 1 in a little lake near El Qasr, Dahla Oasis between ca. 80 Shellducks (monotypic)
Common Shelduck Tadorna  tadorna    WV 31-01-2000: ca 80 in a little lake near Al Qasr, Dahla Oasis (monotypic)
Eurasian Wigeon Anas  penelope    PV WV   (monotypic)
Gadwall Anas  strepera  strepera PV WV    
Common Teal Anas  crecca crecca PV WV   Eurasia
Blue-winged Teal Anas  discors   AV 1 male shot on Lake Burrulus and found on Port Said market on 11 of March 1990 (Pharaoh's Birds-John Miles)  
Mallard Anas  platyrhynchos platyrhynchos  RB PV WV 18-11-1994 5 ex. on a sandbank along the Corniche, Aswan (sight obs.) 11-12-2007 1 male Saluga (sight obs.)By Dick Hoeck dick.hoeck@yahoo.com 22-11-1995: 4 Siwa, lake Siwa Has ben found breeding at least since 2005 at Mounib bridge, opposite to Maadi by Sharif Baha El Din. Two femalles one with 6 ducklings May 27th 2008 on Dahab island in Cairo by Annie Sevin Eurasia and western North America 
Northern Pintail Anas  acuta  acuta  PV WV   [includes tzitzihoa]
Garganey Anas  querquedula    PV WV   (monotypic)
Northern Shoveler Anas  clypeata    PV WV   (monotypic)
Marbled Duck Marmaronetta  angustirostris    FB WV 1 at Alexandrian on 22 May 1996 and a single bird reported from Abu Simbel on 24 Jan. 1997 (Pharaoh's Birds- John Miles). (monotypic)
Red-crested Pochard Netta  rufina    WV   (monotypic)
Common Pochard Aythya  ferina    PV WV   (monotypic)
Ferruginous Duck Aythya  nyroca    PV WV 1 on 16 March 2008 at SW Hurghada (monotypic)
Tufted Duck Aythya  fuligula    PV WV   (monotypic)
Velvet Scoter Melanitta  fusca  fusca AV 1 female at Suez Bay from Feb 24 to 12 of March 1982 (Pharao's Birds-John Miles)   
Smew Mergus  albellus    WV   (monotypic) [includes schioleri]
Red-breasted Merganser Mergus  serrator    (WV) 12-01-1990: 4 Zaranik, North Sinai. First record since 1953 (Sherif Baha el Din in Sherif M. Baha El Din 1992) (monotypic) [includes orientalis]
White-headed Duck Oxyura  leucocephala    Formely WV Meinertzhagen (1930) (monotypic)
TETRAONIDAE            
Chuckar Alectoris  chukar sinaica  RB 7 at a walk up to Gebel Musa in Jan 2009 by Runne So Neergaard. Sinai and the Levant to central Syria 
Barbary Partridge Alectoris  barbata barbata  RB (FB?) Nests in the wadis around Salum, Sidi Barrani and Matruh. No recent records. North-east Libya
Sand Partridge Ammoperdix  heyi (1) nicolli  RB All year round resident in the Wadis around Ain Sokhna North-east Egypt between Nile and Gulf of Suez
      (2) cholmleyi  RB   Central-east and south-east Egypt and north-east Sudan
      (3) heyi  RB A flock of 5 birds, 31 km N of Dahab to St.Katherine in 25 Nov 2008 by I.Moldovan Sinai,Israel and Jordan through Arabia to Oman
Common Quail Coturnix  coturnix coturnix  (RB) PV WV Migrating specimens have been seen even in the resort gardens. Osme singed at Sevagee w in Hurghada both spring and autumn. Madeira, Canary Islands, North Africa, and Europe east to central Asia and northern India [includes confisa, corsicana, orientalis]
FREGATIDAE            
Great Frigatebird Fregata  minor    AV Le Paz 1986; Hovel 1987. Records not accepted.  
THRESKIORNITHIDAE            
Glossy Ibis Plegadis  falcinellus  falcinellus PV 2 at Sevage works Hurghada on 2 of May 2008. Common PV. Aswan : 11-01-2006 6 onsandbank opposite the Corniche, 12-01-2006 10 west bank Isis Island 31-01-2006 2 near the rubbish dump 18-11-1996: 73 Sehel-island: north to roosting site 07& 08-12-1995 15 Sehel island 13-12-2007: 42 Aswan Reservoir 30-01-2000: 2 roosting with Cattle Egrets and Little Egrets, Mut, Dahla Oasis 22-11-1995: 5 Siwa, lake Siwa (Source:Dick Hoeck)   
Northern Bald Ibis Geronticus  eremita    FB Extinct  (monotypic)
Sacred Ibis Threskiornis  aethiopicus    FB Extinct.Savignii (1979-1802) seen it in samll number.Last clutch of eggs from Damietta from 1895. (monotypic)
Eurasian Spoonbill Platalea  leucorodia (1) leucorodia  PV WV 13-12-2007: 67 Aswan Reservoir (Dick Hoeck). 28 on May 2008 at Esna by Annie Sevin Eurasia [includes major]
      (2) archeri  RB Rare and local resident breeder on costal mangrove swamps and islands. 6 in April 2007 at Abu Mingar (Hurghada archipeleago) by I.Moldovan Red Sea
PHOENICOPTERIDAE            
Greater Flamingo Phoenicopterus  ruber   WV 2 adults and immatures at Naama Bay (Sharm el Sheich)+F71on 01.12.2000. At the sewage-ponds northwest of Naama Bay by Tommy Pedersen, Oslo, Norway.20-11-1995: 32 oasis Siwa, lake Siwa 21-11-1995: 19 idem 03-09-1990: 20 Abu Simbel (Poelmans 1990) 25-11 to 02-12-2007: 67 from High Dam to Abu Simbel by boat (funded by GAINS, with EEAA Aswan and Wed Abdu from Wadi Ryan) Aswan (Dick Hoeck) : sept- oct 2003: 1 14-09-2002: 20 south 07-10-2002: 15 south 11-10-1995: 23 south 24-10-1998: ca 20 south 02-11-1995: 12 north 07-11-1995 19 south 13-11-1995: 8, of which 1 immature, all down on a sandbank, next morning disappeared 20-11-1996: 27 south 02-12-1996: 25 south 41 in November 2008 at Malaha Area(Gebel el Zeit) by M.Megalli and I Moldovan (monotypic)
Lesser Flamingo Phoenicopterus  minor    AV   (monotypic)
ACCIPITRIDAE            
European Honey Buzzard Pernis  apivorus    PV Scare PV (late Aug) early Sep to late Oct, no discernable peak; common (mid-Mar) mid-Apr to late May (early Jun), peaks mid-May. Rare winter records (WV) exceptional in Egypt but ‘quite common’ in Israel. (monotypic)
Crested Honey Buzzard Pernis  ptilorhyncus  orientalis  PV 1 at 36km N of El Gouna, on 17 Apr 2008 by JanWeinbecker and David Sturm. 1 by Sharif Baha El Din, near Quseir (Bir el Ambagi)in 9 of May 1996. 1 dark juv at Sharm between 26Oct-4 Nov 2007 by Ingo Weiss and Markus Roemhild [includes japonicus, neglectus]
Black-shouldered Kite Elanus  caeruleus  caeruleus  RB An opportunistic RB with eggs laid almost throughout the year. Requires agricultural habitat. [includes vociferus]
Black Kite Milvus  migrans migrans  PV , WV Fairly common PV mid-Aug to late Oct (early Nov), more common (late Feb) Mar to Apr (mid-Jun); no discernable peaks. More apparent WV in Upper Egypt with large flocks at Aswan. Cape Verde Islands, north-west Africa, Europe, and Middle East [includes korschun, ferghanensis, reichenowi]
Yellow-billed Kite Milvus migrans aegyptius  RB Scare, local RB, nesting Dec to Jun. Requires agricultural or urban habitat. Egypt and Arabia to north-east Africa [includes arabicus]
Red Kite Milvus milvus milvus  PV Rare, irregular (PV) late Sep to early Oct; mid-Mar to mid-Apr at Suez; no discernable peaks. Canary Islands, North Africa, and Europe [includes caucasicus]
African Fish Eagle Haliaeetus  vocifer    AV One shot at Aswan in 1946 (Giza Zoological Museum) (monotypic)
White-tailed Eagle Haliaeetus  albicilla    FB? (WV) Aparently a FB?Old records indicated aparently irregular (WV)Dec-Feb Sighted 28 May 1954 along Suez canal.; 23 Aug-24 Oct 1995 S Sinai (monotypic) [includes groenlandicus]
Lammergaier Gypaetus  barbatus barbatus  ? North Africa
      aureus  RB At Wadi Gamal by Tom Coles(unpublished) Eurasia [includes hemachalanus]
      meridionalis RB SE Egypt at Gebel Elba  
Egyptian Vulture Neophron  percnopterus  percnopterus RB, PV (WV) Rare RB in most of Egypt except in the SE corner where locally common. Breeds in WGNP. A PV late Aug to early Jun, peaks at Suez in early Sep to late Oct, mid-Mar to mid-Apr. A few presumably (WV).  
Eurasian Griffon Vulture Gyps  fulvus  fulvus FB PV (WV) 2 at Ain Musa by Dave Farrow on 14 Oct 2008.One at the Sharm El Sheic sewage plant on 27 Nov 2008, by I.Moldován, Anne Hilts and Schyler Van Dustin. Declining, scare PV mid-Sep to mid-Nov, (late Jan) mid-Feb to mid-May; peaks at Suez late Oct. Rare (WV).  
Rüppell's Griffon Vulture Gyps  rueppellii  rueppellii PV Irregular (PV) from 29 Aug to unspecified dates in Feb.  
Lappet-faced Vulture Torgos  tracheliotus  nubicus RB Rare, local RB in E Desert. Two were flying near a roadkill 5 km north of Berendice and another 8-10 at Al Shalaten on 28th February 2009, seen by Eric Jan Alblas ej.alblas@kpnplanet.nl (monotypic) no subspecies according to BWP; others recognize negevensis in Israel, nubicus in Egypt and tracheliotus in south-west Morocco
      negevensis AV FB?  Sharm el Shiek late 1990’s (P.A. Lassey) -probably an old specimen or an escape from the captive breeding population?  
Eurasian Black Vulture Aegypius  monachus    PV (WV) Rare (PV) (WV) with usually single juveniles visiting late Oct to early Nov, late Mar to mid-Apr, primarily near Suez.Recorded 28 Mar 1999. Most recent record, 2 juv in oerfect condition above the sewage pools in Sharm El Sheic on 21 Nov.2008 byDick Forsman. 3 juv on 27 November at Sharm sewagee pools, by I.Moldován, Anne Hilts and Sccuyler Van Dustin. 1 juv at SSH sewage plant in late Jan 2009 by Francesco Germi fgermi@yahoo.co.uk (monotypic) [includes chincou, danieli]
Short-toed Eagle Circaetus  gallicus    PV A CB. Fairly common PV (mid-Aug) early Sep to early (late) Nov, peaks late Sep to mid-Oct; late Feb to mid-May, but no discernable peak. Occasional (WV) and (SV). [includes heptneri]
Bateleur Terathopius  ecaudatus    CB?  Rare, local RB. Pair nested Gebel Elba (NP & IBA) area 1984-1985; 1st-year ♂ at Abu Simbil airport on Lake Nasser 23 Dec 1985; 1st-year bird at Sharm el Sheikh, S Sinai15 Dec1988; 4 1st-year birds between 1982-89 across Egypt/Israel boarder at Eilat; 18-06-1988: 1 juv. Ras Mohamed (Arie Ouwerkerk in Sherif M. Baha El Din 1992)  (monotypic)
Western Marsh Harrier Circus  aeruginosus (1) harterti  PV (CB?) Numerous sightings in suitable habitat throughout the year but breeding not confirmed, MB? Scare PV WV late Aug to late May (early Jun); peak noted mid-Mar to mid-Apr North Africa
      (2) aeruginosus  PV   Europe east to central Asia
Hen Harrier Circus  cyaneus  cyaneus PV WV Rare PV WV late Sep to mid-Apr; small numbers passing through the Sinai, Red Sea Mts and coastal plain. No discernable peaks  
Pallid Harrier Circus  macrourus    PV WV Scare PV WV (early) mid-Sep to early May; peaks in late Mar and late Apr.Migrating trought the Lybian desert. One has been senn by Lajos Németh at Karkur Tahl, ’Uweinat (22º02’N, 25º08’E), on 20/03/2002. (monotypic)
Montagu's Harrier Circus  pygargus    PV WV Rare PV late Aug to late Oct (late Nov); mid-Mar to late Apr (mid-May); peaks variable. Occasional (WV) .1 Note: During WGNP 3-10 Sep 2004 WGNP survey, an additional 12 ‘Ringtail (♀ or juv Montagu’s or Hen Harrier)’ and 1 ♂ Circus sp observed. (monotypic)
Dark Chanting Goshawk Melierax  metabates  theresae AV 2 specimens collected in ‘Egypte’ 1851 and 1861, but not known if collected within modern political borders or S in former colonial territories, eg Sudan, so not accepted. 1 photo near Jericho, Israel 12 Apr 1979. Breeds Morocco, sub-Sahara, E to Arabia; M. m. ignoscens breeds SW Arabia. Mainly resident, but dispersive or partial migrant. Considered vagrant/straggler to Israel probably from Arabia breeding pop.  
Gabar Goshawk Micronisus  gabar    AV An AV only S of Aswan. Previously thought to pass N from Sudan when the Nile flooded. No recent (post-1933) sightings. 1 specimen in the collection of Clot-Bay (Grenoble Museum, France) (monotypic)
Northern Goshawk Accipiter  gentilis gentilis  WV Rare WV mid-Sep to early May in N Egypt; most records early Mar to late Apr. much of WP including North Africa [includes moscoviae and marginatus]
Eurasian Sparrowhawk Accipiter  nisus (1)punicus  ?   North Africa
      (2)nisus  PV, (WV?) Fairly common PV Egypt-wide; scare WV late Sep to mid-May; peaks variable. Majority are A. n. nisus.1 Europe, West Siberia, and the Middle East [includes hibernicus, optimi, peregrinoides, salamancae]
      (3) nisosimilis  ? More than 70 ringed birds during spring migration at Hurghada (2008), did not bring any prove of the occurence of this species in Egypt. Central and eastern Siberia, migrant WP [includes pallens]
Shikra Accipiter  badius  cenchroides  Not recorded. No record for Egypt. 1st and 2nd records for Israel, 20 Apr 1987 and 2 May 1999 (trapped, ringed, photographed), at Eilat on Israel/Egypt boarder. Considered a vagrant/straggler to Israel and Arabia.According to Ferguson-Lees and Christie (2001) “… some appear to migrate to Arabia and possibly even Africa.” Possibly overlooked due to lack of observer coverage at Taba, Egypt. [includes chorassanicus]
Levant Sparrowhawk Accipiter  brevipes    PV Fairly common PV, almost exclusively to E Desert and Sinai, mid-Sep to early (late) Nov; (mid-Mar) mid-Apr to mid-May; peaks variable.1 (monotypic)
Common Buzzard Buteo  buteo buteo  AV? 1 record at Wadi Quseib, Suez Gov, 28 Sep 1962. Mainland of west, central, and southern Europe and west Turkey north to southern Scandinavia
Steppe Buzzard Buteo  vulpinus vulpinus PV WV SV Fairly common PV early Sep to mid-Nov; common mid-Feb to mid- (late) May, peaks late Feb to mid-May, mainly in E Desert and Sinai. Uncommon WV and SV.1  
Long-legged Buzzard Buteo  rufinus (1) cirtensis  CB PV A CB B. r. cirtensis, scare PV WV mid-Sep to mid-May, peaks mid-Sep to early Nov. 1 in 1999 at Sharm and an adult pair in a suitable habitat for breeding october 2008 (near Wadi Feiran) by Andrea Corsso (voloerrante@yahoo.it) One at Dakhla Oasis on 2 and 3 March 2009 by Enno B Ebels ebels@wxs.nl  North Africa
      (2) rufinus  PV WV Majority of PV are Buteo r. rufinus; passage most noticeable in E Desert and Sinai. Breeds in WGNP. Eurasia
Rough-legged Buzzard Buteo  lagopus (1) lagopus  ? Egypt sightings rejected as ‘unusual color phases’ (morphs) of (Steppe) Buzzard and/or Long-legged Buzzard. 2 accepted records for Israel: Dovrat 8 Dec 1984 and Revadim 26 Jan 1985. Considered a vagrant/straggler to Israel. Northern Eurasia east to Yenisey
Lesser Spotted Eagle Aquila  pomarina    PV (WV) Fairly common PV early Sep to late Nov, peaks late Sep to mid-Oct; (late Jan) late Feb to mid-May, peaks late Feb to early Mar (late Mar). A rare (WV).  
Greater Spotted Eagle Aquila  clanga      Rare PV WV mid-Sep to early May; no discernable peaks, but one of the most common WV Aquila in Egypt. (monotypic)
Tawny Eagle Aquila  rapax  belisarius  AV Apparently AV,1 verifiable specimen taken from Giza 20 Jan 1924. Other published records suspect, likely misidentified Steppe Eagle. One recorded by Andrea Corso (voloerrante@yahoo.it) at SSH sewagee pounds, in October 2008,, but photo not subbmited up to present. [includes raptor]
Steppe Eagle Aquila  nipalensis  orientalis PV (WV) (SV) Fairly common PV early Sep to late Nov, peaks mid-Oct to early Nov; (late Jan) early Feb to mid-May, peaks late Mar to mid-Apr. Rare (WV) (SV).  
Imperial Eagle Aquila  heliaca    PV 1 at Ain Sokhna on 27 April 2008 by Tomas Haraldsson. One 1st year and 1 adult at Sharm el Sheich sewagee pools on 27 Nov 2008, by I.Moldován, Anne Hilts and Schyuler Van Dustin Hülts.2 at Ash Shellal area, SE Aswan 12 Jan 2008 by T.Haraldsson (monotypic) [includes ricketti]
Golden Eagle Aquila  chrysaetos homeyeri    Rare RB NE Sinai, occasional elsewhere in Egypt. Wintering status is unclear (WV). Most recent sightings in Egypt, 9 Nov 2000, by Sherif M. Baha El Din and in 10 Sep 2004 (Tom Coles). 1 pair at Abu Simbel on 19 April 2002 byChris Cameron & Julie Dawson (OSME report) North Africa, southern Europe, and from the Middle East to the Caucasus, Iran, and southern Transcaspia
Verreaux's Eagle Aquila  verreauxii    RB Rare RB presumably Sinai and SE Egypt. Rarely seen outside breeding areas.First observed in WGNP on 28 Oct 2003 and suspected to breed. Highly depends on Hyrax (Procarvia capensis). (monotypic)
Booted Eagle Hieraaetus  pennatus      Scarce PV (early) mid-Sep to mid-Nov (early Dec), peaks at Suez mid- to late Sep; mid-Mar to early Jun, peaks at Suez mid-Apr. A rare (WV).1  (monotypic) [includes harterti, milvoides]
Bonelli's Eagle Hieraaetus  fasciatus  fasciatus RB PV WV Rare, local RB in SE Sinai and SE E Desert. Rare PV WV early Sep to late Apr.1 1st breeding record in WGNP, spring 2003. At Giza piramids by Uffe Sorensen in February, and again in May. 26 of July 2007 1 at Quena -Safaga road by Evans Lee Grant. 1 ad at Sharm el Sheich sewage pools on 27 Nov 2008 by I.Moldován, Anne and Schyuler Hilts.1 at Giza Pyramids by Tomas Haraldsson on 10 of Jan 2008 and one between Aswan and Edfu on 13 Jan 2008.  
PANDIONIDAE            
Osprey Pandion  haliaetus  haliaetus  RB A RB along the Red Sea coast and on islands. Scarce PV WV early Sep to early May. Excluding the Red Sea (resident pop), passage peaks late Sep to early Oct and in late March.21- 05 till 26-05-2007: 3 Lake Nasser With EEAA Aswan, crocodile survey) 25-11 to 02-12-2007: 6 from High Dam to Abu Simbel by boat:(funded by GAINS, with EEAA Aswan and Wed Abdu from Wadi Ryan) 3 nestligs ringed at Wadi Lahami in March 2007 by I.Moldovan. [includes friedmanni, mutuus]
FALCONIDAE            
Lesser Kestrel Falco  naumanni    CB PV WV A CB in Northen part of Egypt. Scare autumn PV, early Sep to mid-Oct (mid-Nov); fairly common spring PV, (early Feb) early Mar to late Apr (mid-May), often in small flocks; no discernable peaks. Occasional (WV). (monotypic) [includes pekinensis, sarmaticus]
Common Kestrel Falco  tinnunculus (1) tinnunculus  PV WV Resident population supplemented by F. t. tinnunculus, a PV WV (early) mid-Sep to mid-May (early Jun) No discernable peaks. North-west Africa and Europe east to central Asia [includes doerriesi, perpallida, stegmanni, ultratinnunculus]
      (2) rupicolaeformis  RB F. t. rupicolaeformis is a fairly common RB in agricultural and urban habitats as well as coastal hotel grounds.  Egypt and Arabia to northern Sudan [includes buryi]
Red-footed Falcon Falco  vespertinus      Scare PV (early) late Aug to early, (late) Nov, peaks in mid-Sep to early Nov. Rare PV mid-Mar to early Jun, peaks mid-May. One winter record (WV), a few summer records (SV). Known to cross the N Red Sea. Passes as singles or in flocks.Notoriously elusive during migration, due to broad front, very high altitude and night migration. Although in Israel long stopovers in cultivated areas with trees, max 2,246 on 4 October 1984, after rains which assumedly affected nocturnal migration across Med. (monotypic)
Amur Falcon Falco  amurensis     No records for Egypt1, but possibly overlooked PV? Surprising records in Med, Strait of Messina (Italy-Sicily) on 29 Apr 1995 and a further 4 spring records up to 2000 at same location.20 1st Israel record at Afula (N-C Israel) 3 Oct 2003. Records from Oman (8) and UAE (8), 14 Nov – 5 Aug 1995–2005, from mid-Nov to late Jan (9); late Mar to early Aug (7). Migratory behavior similar to Western sp, eg high alt, nocturnal. Autumn migration suspected to be more terrestrial; +/- 6,000km nonstop water crossing suspect, Brown et al (1982), “Could not cross Indian Ocean without several nights uninterrupted flight.” Adult ♂ unmistakable if white wing-linings seen, otherwise extremely like ♂ Western sp. Adult ♀ and dark-crowned juv likely mistaken for ♀ Hobby. (monotypic)
Merlin Falco  columbarius aesalon  WV A rare WV, mainly N Egypt, (late Sep) mid-Oct to mid- (late) Apr. Majority of visitors are F. c. aesalon.1 Europe and western Asia [includes regulus, alaunicus]
      insignis  WV   East Asia, vagrant south-east WP
Eurasian Hobby Falco  subbuteo  subbuteo  PV Apparently a rare MB in NE Sinai. Scare PV throughout Egypt early Sep to early (late) Nov, peaks mid-Sep to mid-Oct; (early Feb) early Apr to mid-May. A rare (WV) and (SV) . 17-09-2002: 1 south over Saluga,19-09-2002: 1 south over Saluga(by Dick Hoeck)  [includes centralasiae, jakutensis, jugurtha, ussuriensis]
Eleonora's Falcon Falco  eleonorae    PV 1 light morph at Giza (Alex.road) by Sharif Baha at 29 Apr.2008 around 4 pm, 1 juv at Ain Sokhna on 29 May 2004 by Tom Coles† (monotypic)
Sooty Falcon Falco  concolor    RB Scare, locally common MB in rocky desert areas throughout Egypt and islands in the Red Sea, mid-Apr to late Nov; a few midwinter records (WV). On Red Sea Is breeding generally commences early Aug, most nestlings fledge by mid-Nov. Probable breeding interior mountains, 2 sites noted 10 Sep 2004. 3 pairs found breeding in Gilf Kebir on the way to Sillyca Glass Area (N 25 42 30 E25 28 40) on21 Sept. 2003 by Lajos Nemeth and Claire Spottiswoode. (monotypic)
Lanner Falco  biarmicus (1) erlangeri  ?   North-west Africa
      (2) feldeggii  PV Resident pop supplement by WV, a few being F. b. feldeggii Italy, Balkan countries, Greece, and Turkey [includes orlandoi]
      (3) tanypterus  RB Scare RB, F. b. tanypterus breeding records 23 Feb to 22 May, in desert areas and along cultivation throughout Egypt. Breeds in WGNP.  Libya, Egypt, and southern Middle East
Saker Falco  cherrug (1) cherrug  PV (WV?) Rare PV WV throughout Egypt, late Sep to late Apr. Most Red Sea coast records are from Oct, Nov and Mar, suggesting PV. One was seen between Bir Terfawi and ‘Uweinat by Prince Kemal el Din on his 1925 expedition. 30-08-1998 1 at Aswan (Coles 1998) 1 at Crocodile Island ,Luxor by Mans Grundsten & Matti Eriksson,on 8 Dec 2004. 1 at Hurghada on 17 of May 2007(14:45 PM), circling above Travel Ways building by I.Moldovan. Hungarian tagged birds are often trapped in Egypt and Lybia by illegal falconers(Matyás Prommer in coresp). East-central and south-east Europe east to steppes of central Asia [includes aralocaspius, cyanopus, danubialis, gurneyi] 
      (2) milvipes PV WV ? Not confirmed yet, but occured west to Turkey. SE Siberia to central China wintering south to Iran east to eastern China.
Peregrine Falco  peregrinus brookei  PV WV 1 pair on 28 May 2004 at Ain Sokhna by Tom Coles†  Mediterranean basin east to Turkey, the Caucasus area, and the Crimea [includes caucasicus]
      peregrinus  PV WV Rare PV WV throughout Egypt, mid-Sep to late Apr. No discernable migration peaks. Specimens of Falco p. peregrinus and F. p. calidus taken, but majority are an intermediate size and plumage coloration between the two forms. Europe and western Asia (except tundras in north and except Mediterranean region) [includes brevirostris, germanicus, riphaeus]
      calidus  WV   Tundras of northern Eurasia, east to Lena River [includes caeruleiceps, leucogenys]
Barbary Falcon Falco  pelegrinoides pelegrinoides  RB PV? Scare local RB; breeding records 27 Mar to 19 Apr. Presumed migrant over Suez 3 Nov 1981. ‘Possible breeding’ has been noted NE, SW and S of WGNP. Regularly observed between Hurghada S to Egypt/Sudan boarder North Africa and Middle East, east to Iran [includes arabicus, punicus]
RALLIDAE            
Water Rail Rallus  aquaticus aquaticus  RB PV WV   North Africa and Europe east to south-west Siberia and Middle East
Spotted Crake Porzana  porzana    PV WV 1 ringed at Hurghada in spring 2007 (monotypic)
Little Crake Porzana  parva    CB? PV WV   (monotypic) [includes illustris]
Baillon's Crake Porzana  pusilla intermedia  RB PV WV   North Africa and central and southern Europe, east to Rumania and Bulgaria
Corn Crake Crex  crex    PV   (monotypic)
Common Moorhen Gallinula  chloropus  chloropus  RB PV WV All around Egypt where sweet water and reed exist. [includes correiana, lucida, turkestanica, vestigialis]
Lesser Moorhen Gallinula  angulata   AV 1ad ♂ 20 North of Abu Simbel on 6 May 1997 by Seppa Haavisto and Ante Strand. Publ. Sandgrouse 22(2) 2000 (monotypic) 
Purple Swamp-Hen Porphyrio  porphyrio madagascariensis  RB   Egypt, Afrotropics, and Madagascar
Eurasian Coot Fulica  atra  atra  RB WV 20-11-1995: 18 Siwa, lake Siwa. Present at Hurghada sewagee pounds all year long, resident populations being reinforced with wintering birds. [includes japonica, turkestanica]
GRUIDAE            
Common Crane Grus  grus grus  PV (WV) 24-11-1995: 10 in the Western Desert, on the ground about 40 km east of Siwa, along the road to Baharya. Common migrant in autumn,from Sep. to late Nov. One flock seen above South Sinai mountains (St.Katherine-Dahab road) flying south, on 24 Nov 2008 by I. Moldovan.  Europe east to Urals
Crowned Crane Balearica pavonina   AV? 15 on an island near El Kab on 10 february 1908 and 3 days later another flock of 15 further south by Von Besserer. Unconfirmed records ner Gebel Elba include 5 observed in 1964 by I.Helmy and 3 of 4 shot in 1971 or 1972 (Mohamed Wafaei).1 specimen in the collection of Clot-Bay (Grenoble,France) (monotypic)
Demoiselle Crane Grus  virgo      2 at Hurghada in March 2004 by Istvan Moldovan, 2 at Abu Ramad on 1 of April 2008 by Sharif BD (monotypic)
OTIDIDAE            
Little Bustard Tetrax  tetrax      (WV) (monotypic) [includes orientalis]
Nubian Bustard Neotis  nuba      Has been colected around 1830 in the Egyptian Sudan, outside of the actual borders of Egypt. (monotypic)
Houbara Bustard Chlamydotis  undulata (monotypic) FB (RB?) Western Desert between Marsa Matruh and Salum North Africa east to Nile
Macqueen's Bustard Chlamydotis  macqueenii (monotypic) FB Formely common breeding residents in Sinai and Eastern Desert. Last record in Wadi Quena 1 male shot in 18 October 1986. Extirpated North-east Egypt, Arabia, and Middle East east to Mongolia
Great Bustard Otis  tarda  tarda  AV 19March1992Salaheya(30°30'N32°07'E),1 ad♀ Publ.Sandgrouse14/2 1992 [includes korejewi]
ROSTRATULIDAE            
Greater Painted-Snipe Rostratula  benghalensis  benghalensis RB Nile Delta, Wadi Natrun, along the Nile Valley, Crocodile Island up to Abu Simbel. Local on Red Sea coastal swamps. 2 on Harbiab Island(N of Aswan) on 14 May 2008 by Annie Sevin.  
HAEMATOPODIDAE            
Eurasian Oystercatcher Haematopus  ostralegus (1) ostralegus  PV WV   Western and northern Europe [includes malacophaga, occidentalis]
      (2) longipes  PV WV? One specimen colected at Halaib (Giza Zoological Museum) South-east and eastern Europe, south-west Siberia, and northernmost Kazakhstan [includes borysthenicus]
RECURVIROSTRIDAE            
Black-winged Stilt Himantopus  himantopus  himantopus  RB PV WV 2 at SW Hurghada on 2 May 2008. Found to breed and photographed by Basma Sheeta at Damieta in June 2008.10-07-1990: about 10 pairs 4 km east of the Great Bitterlake(Sherif Baha El Din & Ahmed Riad)in Sherif M. Baha El Din 1992) 29-06-1991: 30 pair same location with some chicks and nests (idem) 28-06-1991: over 70 pairs Tenth of Ramadan sewage pools, same location mentioned in Goodman & Meininger 1989 (idem)  [includes ceylonensis, meridionalis]
Pied Avocet Recurvirostra  avosetta    FB PVWV   (monotypic)
DROMADIDAE            
Crab Plover Dromas  ardeola    RB PV WV Reported to breed by Tom Coles† on the islands around Wadi Gamal.05-09-1990: 8 (of which 2 immature) 20 km north of Berenice (Poelmans 1990) (monotypic)
BURHINIDAE            
Stone-Curlew Burhinus  oedicnemus (1) saharae  RB An adult female of saharae was shot on 21 May 1910 (GZM 5381) and two eggs were taken from a nest (Nicoll, 1912). A newly hatched chick (BMNH 1965.M.3752) was collected on 15 April 1923 (Meinertzhagen, 1930). Moreau (1 927) was in the Kharga oasis from 7 to 9 and 14 to 16 April 1925, during that time he found a nesting pair. North Africa, Mediterranean islands (uncertain whether also Sardinia and Sicily) , Greece, Cyprus, and the Levant east to western, central, and southern Turkey and Iraq [includes astutus, jordansi, theresae]
      (2) oedicnemus  PV WV 1 at Hurghada on Dec 2007 at Sewage Farm(at night). Europe (except Mediterranean islands and Greece), the Caucasus, Transcaucasia, north-east Turkey, and north-west Iran
Senegal Thick-knee Burhinus  senegalensis  inornatus RB  
Spotted Thick-knee Oedicnemus  capensis   ? 1 specimen in coll. Of Clot-Bay (Grenoble,France), labbeled Egypt.  
GLAREOLIDAE            
Egyptian Plover Pluvianus  aegyptius    FB AV?   (monotypic)
Cream-coloured Courser Cursorius  cursor cursor  RB PV WV Regulary seen in migration at Hurghada sewagee works. An influx of 38 at Ras Sukhair by Uffe Sorensen on 26 of February 2009. Canary Islands and North Africa east to the Middle East, Arabia, and Iraq [includes bannermani, dahlakensis]
Collared Pratincole Glareola  pratincola  pratincola MB PV (WV)    
Oriental Pratincole Glareola  maldivarum    AV Published by Sharif and Mindy Baha El Din (monotypic)
Black-winged Pratincole Glareola  nordmanni    PV Rare on migration, most observations at April. One at Ain Sokhna in April 2006 with Tomas Haraldsson. 1 at Hurghada Sevage works on 28 March 2007 by Robert Lasecki (monotypic) [includes melanoptera]
CHARADRIIDAE            
Little Ringed Plover Charadrius  dubius  curonicus (MB) PV WV    
Common Ringed Plover Charadrius  hiaticula (1) hiaticula  PV WV   North-east Canada, Greenland, and western Europe north to southern Scandinavia and Baltic coasts [includes harrisoni, psammodroma, septentrionalis]
Kittlitz's Plover Charadrius  pecuarius    RB Breeds at Abu Simbel an Wadi Natron, and also locally at Nile Delta. 5 seen at Abu Simbel(garbage rump) in February 2008 by I.Moldovan and M.A. Kelemen By Dick Hoeck: 2004: 1 West Aswan 22-01-2006 3 just north of Aswan along the Nile (Haraldsson 2006.1) 29-01-2006 1 West Aswan 05-04-2006 2 West Aswan 11-12-2008: 3 on island near Chor Ramlah, Lake Nasser  (monotypic) [includes allenbyi]
Three-banded Plover Charadrius  tricollaris  tricollaris AV (CB?) 1 ex at Gebel Asfar,Cairo on 5-26 of March 1993, by Mashuq Ahmad and Martin Elliott,published by Richard Hoath in Sandgrouse 22(1) 200. 1 ex at Aswan on 14 of December1997 by Davidson&Kirwan in Sandgrouse 20:76-80. 25 to 30-01 2006: 2 West Sehel. (photos) 19-11-2007: 1 Sehel island.(photos) All observations were made during low Nile level, when mudflats appear. Sherif B. observed 1 bird just west of the nearby High Dam in the period 6- 10 January 2006. 1 ex at El Gouna golf course, on 13th of March 2006, observed and photographed by Tomas Haraldsson. 2 by Mary Megalli and Annie Sevin on Feb 2008 at Aswan(probably breeding). 2 at Tutamon village, Aswan by D. Lopez Velasco on 2nd August 2008 (source: www.netfugl.dk ).  vagrant to Egypt
Kentish Plover Charadrius  alexandrinus  alexandrinus  RB PV WV   [includes spatzi]
Lesser Sand Plover Charadrius  mongolus (1) pamirensis  PV 1 at 50 km North of Berenice on 19 .09 .2007 by Ványi Robert and 1 at Hamata by Staffan Rodebrand and Bo Thoor at 19.09.2005.1 at Hamata Mangrove 3.12, 2004 and 1 at Bir Shalatayn harbour 4.12.2004 by Måns Grundsten & Matti Eriksson, Stockholm, Sweden. Mountains of west-central Asia, migrant WP
      (2) atrifrons  PV Not known which subspecies occurs in Egypt Himalayas, vagrant WP
Greater Sand Plover Charadrius  leschenaultii columbinus  WV PV CB?   Central Asia Minor and Syria east through Transcaucasia and Iran to western Afghanistan
Caspian Plover Charadrius  asiaticus    WV Specimen in FMNH (23734 CC) collected on 14 Oct 1962 at Bahig. (monotypic) [includes caspius]
Eurasian Dotterel Charadrius  morinellus    WV   (monotypic)
Pacific Golden Plover Pluvialis  fulva    AV Petersen and Sorensen 1981b:British Birds, Sherif and Mindy Baha El Din. " 2 by Ufe Sorensen in summer plumage at Ras Sukhair, autumn 2008(pers com.) Single birds observed 18 an 21 Aug 1990 and a full summer bird on 25 Sep 1990 at Lake Quarun (Pharaoh's Birds, John Miles) (monotypic)
European Golden Plover Pluvialis  apricaria    PV WV   (monotypic) [includes altifrons, oreophilus]
Grey Plover Pluvialis  squatarola    PV WV   (monotypic) [includes cynosurae, hypomelus]
             
Spur-winged Lapwing Hoplopterus  spinosus    RB   (monotypic)
Sociable Lapwing Vanellus  gregarius   PV (WV) 1 at Dakhla Oasis 1994(Ahmed Riad) 1 at El Gouna 14 March 2008 by Stefan Magnusson and Olof Joensson olof.joensson@gmail.com (photo submitted) A single bird at Dakhla Oasis on 22 March 1993(John Miles, Pharao's Birds) (monotypic)
White-tailed Lapwing Vanellus  leucurus   PV WV Dick Hoeck:25-01 & 07-02-2000: 2 West Aswan 28-10-2001: 1 West Aswan 03-11-2001: 2 West-Aswan 24-11-2007: 2 West Aswan Moldovan Istvan has observed them in migration on Red Sea Coast, south of Quseir (Autumn 2007) 7 birds at Dakhla Oasis on 2 and 3 March 2009 by Enno Ebels ebels@wxs.nl , reprezenting the first sighting for the western desert. (monotypic) [includes aralensis]
Northern Lapwing Vanellus  vanellus    PV WV 1 at SSH on 24 Nov 2008 (sewage w) by I.Moldovan, Schyuler and Anne Hilts (monotypic)
SCOLOPACIDAE            
Red Knot Calidris  canutus canutus  (PV)   North-central Siberia, migrant and partly wintering in WP
Sanderling Calidris  alba    (PV)   (monotypic)
Little Stint Calidris  minuta    PV WV   (monotypic)
Temminck's Stint Calidris  temminckii    PV WV   (monotypic)
Curlew Sandpiper Calidris  ferruginea    PV (WV)   (monotypic) [includes testacea]
Dunlin Calidris  alpina (1) schinzii  PV WV Some of the Egyptian specimesns apears to be "schnitzii" (BOE). South-east Greenland, Iceland, and Britain east to southern Norway and Baltic
      (2) alpina  PV WV   Northern Fenno-Scandia and north Siberia, east to Yenisey
Broad-billed Sandpiper Limicola  falcinellus  falcinellus PV (WV)    
Buff-breasted Sandpiper Tryngites subruficollis    AV 1 female colected at Quseir on 21 Feb 1928 (Meinertzhagen 1930). (monotypic)
Ruff Philomachus  pugnax    PV WV   (monotypic)
Jack Snipe Lymnocryptes  minimus    PV WV 5 birds were ringed in late November 2007 at Hurghada sevage works by I.Moldován (monotypic) [includes nipponensis]
Common Snipe Gallinago  gallinago gallinago  PV WV One specimen ringed at Hurg Sewage works at16 March 2007 by Prezmyslaw Busse has been recovered at the same location at 11 Dec 2007 by I.Moldovan Europe (except Iceland to Orkney) and northern Asia [includes raddei]
Great Snipe Gallinago  media    PV (WV) 3 at Ras Sukheir bu Ufe Sorensen in October 2008(pers.com).1 at Naama Bay sewage plant by David Farrow at 13 Oct.2008 (monotypic)
Eurasian Woodcock Scolopax  rusticola    WV   (monotypic) [includes indicus, ultimus]
Black-tailed Godwit Limosa  limosa limosa  PV WV FrequventPV and WV along the Nile valley Dick Hoeck:18-11-1996: 86 sandbank in front of Corniche 26-11-1997: 169 29-11-1995: 78 02-12-1996: 32 06-12-2007: 67 on a sandbank in front of Corniche 13-12-2007: 10 Aswan Reservoir 03-12-2005: 75 (Haraldsson 2006.1)  England and France east to central Asia
Bar-tailed Godwit Limosa  lapponica  lapponica PV WV 1 in April 2006 at EL Gouna golf course by I.Moldovan and T.Haraldsson  
Whimbrel Numenius  phaeopus phaeopus PV (WV)   Iceland to Scotland [sometimes separated as islandicus]; Scandinavia to Yenisey [phaeopus s.s.]
Slender-billed Curlew Numenius  tenuirostris    (PV) (WV) An old specimen housed in BMNH (92.8.3.451) is labeled „Egypt”and another in ZFMK was taken in October 1903 near Abu Qir. In his 1930 book, on page 582, Richard Meinertzhagen wrote „ Meinertzhagen saw what he believed to be a flock in the Fayoum in January 1920”. One recent record from Zaraniq in 1982 (John Miles in Pharao's Birds) Last record from 20 of March 2004 at Hamata Mangrove by Stefan Rodebrand. Not acceptable withouth photo. (monotypic)
Eurasian Curlew Numenius  arquata (1) arquata  PV WV   Northern and western Europe
      (2) orientalis  PV WV 2 ex summer at Ras Gemsa (Red Sea Coast) in July 2008. I.Moldován. 24 has been seen at Ras Gemsa on 2 August 2008 by I.Moldován. Northern Siberia, on migration in WP
Spotted Redshank Tringa  erythropus    PV WV   (monotypic)
Common Redshank Tringa  totanus totanus  PV WV   From England and Spain east through central and southern Europe to Urals and Caucasus area [sometimes separated as brittanica]; Fenno-Scandia and north-west European Russia [totanus s.s.]
Marsh Sandpiper Tringa  stagnatilis    PV WV   (monotypic)
Common Greenshank Tringa  nebularia    PV WV   (monotypic) [includes affinis]
Green Sandpiper Tringa  ochropus    PV WV   (monotypic)
Wood Sandpiper Tringa  glareola    PV WV   (monotypic)
Terek Sandpiper Xenus  cinereus    PV 4 at Hamata Mangroves 3-5.12.2004 by Måns Grundsten & Matti Eriksson, Stockholm, Sweden.3 at El Gouna lagoons on april 2006 by Tomas Haraldsson and I.Moldován. (monotypic) [includes terek]
Common Sandpiper Actitis  hypoleucos    PV WV   (monotypic)
Ruddy Turnstone Arenaria  interpres interpres  PV WV Goodman c.s.: 'inland records mainly known from lake Qarun. 25-04-1984: 1 Aswan.' Dick Hoeck:18-04-1996: 1 West-Aswan. Northernmost Canada, Greenland, and northern Eurasia east to Alaska Caucasus area
Red-necked Phalarope Phalaropus  lobatus    PV   (monotypic)
Red Phalarope Phalaropus  fulicarius    (PV) (WV)   (monotypic)
STERCORARIIDAE            
Pomarine Skua Stercorarius  pomarinus    PV WV   (monotypic)
Arctic Skua Stercorarius  parasiticus    PV WV 1 at SE Giftun Island on 14 April 2007 by Uwe-Stresse Borowa. Regulary seen at Hurghada (from Felfela restaurant) in spring. Personal obs with Tomas Haraldsson. (monotypic)
Long-tailed Skua Stercorarius  longicaudus longicaudus  (PV)   Scandinavia to Lena delta
South Polar Skua Stercorarius  maccormicki  AV For referencee see Birds of Egypt, 1989 often considered a distinct species
LARIDAE            
Sooty Gull Larus  hemprichii    RB   (monotypic)
White-eyed Gull Larus  leucophthalmus    RB   (monotypic)
Pallas's Gull Larus  ichthyaetus    WV PV Frequvent WV in the N Red Sea. 29-11-2008: Dick Hoeck:One 2nd winter bird on a sandbank in front of Corniche (Aswan). 29-11 to 02-12-2007: ca 50 at Lake Nasser from High Dam to Abu Simbel by boat:(funded by GAINS, with EEAA Aswan and Wed Abdu from Wadi Ryan)  (monotypic)
Mediterranean Gull Larus  melanocephalus    WV    (monotypic)
Little Gull Larus  minutus    WV   (monotypic)
Sabine's Gull Larus  sabini    AV? 2 records at Zaranik: 29 of September 1973(Hovel 1987) and on 17 Sept 1980(Petersen and Sorensen 1981a).1 single bird 77 km west of Alexandria on 2 March 1995 (Pharaoh's Birds, John Miles) A specimen was taken at Tel Aviv (Israel) on 15 Jan 1939(Tel-Aviv University Museum) (monotypic) [includes palaearctica, tschuktschorum, woznesenskii]
Black-headed Gull Larus  ridibundus    PV WV   (monotypic) [includes lavrovi, sibiricus]
Grey-headed Gull Larus  cirrocephalus  poiocephalus AV? One south of Nabaq Nature Reserve on 17 Feb 1999 (11:30AM) by Juhan Elmberg and Lothar Müller. Two indivuduals on 6 of April by Lothar Müller at El Gouna Golf Course.Published in Snadgrouse 25(1): 2003  
Slender-billed Gull Larus  genei    RB PV WV   (monotypic)
Audouin's Gull Larus  audouinii    (PV) Mediteranean Coast, only one obs at Gulf of Aqaba. (monotypic)
Mew Gull Larus  canus (1) canus  WV 03 and 09-12-2008: 1 ex 2nd winter east bank Nile, north of Kima waist water canal, (with photos from Dick Hoeck). Most southern obs. in Africa?? Goodman c.s.: 'a few inland records from lake Qarun' Europe east to White Sea
Lesser Black-backed Gull Larus  fuscus fuscus  PV WV Dick Hoeck, at Aswan: 17-03-1999: 46 and 22 north 28-09-2002: 23, 43, 16 and 26 south 30-09-2002: 25 and 4 south 02-10-2002: 3 south  northern Norway and Baltic east to western Kola peninsula and western White Sea
Heuglin's Gull Larus heuglini heuglini  PV Sewage farm Hurghada,April 2007, with Ingo Weiss and Gudrun Hilgroth. Southern Kola peninsula to Yenisey [includes antelius]
Steppe Gull (Baraba Gull) Larus barabensis barabensis PV WV Dec 2008 at Sewage pools from Hurghada, 16 ex. Dick Forsman and Moldovan Istvan  
Yellow-legged Gull Larus  michahellis michahellis  RB?  Probably this form breeds in the country according to Goodman and Meininger, 1989. West coast of France and Morocco, and throughout Mediterranean basin 
         
Caspian Gull Larus cachinnans   PV WV   Black Sea east to Kazakhstan [includes ponticus]
Armenian Gull Larus  armenicus    PV WV   (monotypic)
Glaucous Gull Larus  hyperboreus  hyperboreus AV  Philips colected one male on 18 April 1914 at Aqaba, Jordan (Museum of Comparative Zoology,Cambridge,Massachusetts,USA) [leuceretes may occur in the WP, depending on the taxonomic position of Icelandic birds]
Greater Black-backed Gull Larus  marinus    AV? Old unconfirmed records (eg.Von Heuglin 1973;Schrader 1892;Nicoll 1919;Bolam and Chapman 1930,Philips 1947;Paz 1987) (monotypic)
Black-legged Kittiwake Rissa  tridactyla  tridactyla  (WV) Mostly immature birds. One at Ain Sokhna on 5 May 1990 and one at Hurghada on 9 April 1997 (John Miles-Pharaos Birds) 1 at Aqaba port(Jordania) on 17 Nov 2008 by Dick Forsman (pers.com) North Atlantic
STERNIDAE            
Gull-billed Tern Sterna  nilotica  nilotica PV WV Dick Hoeck at Aswan:max. numbers: 10-12-2008: 418 south, roosting, Elephantine Island. Late: 28-05-2007: 1 ex. above the Nile.22-05-2007: 6 northern part of Lake Nasser. 23-05-2007: 26 near Bab el Kalabsha, Lake Nasser. At a small island near Bab el Kalabsha we observed a group of ca 10 ex. on the ground. Most birds were in summer plumage. Breeding cannot be excluded. 25-11 to 02-12-2007: 157 from High Dam to Abu Simbel by boat:(funded by GAINS, with EEAA Aswan and Wed Abdu from Wadi Ryan)  
Caspian Tern Sterna  caspia    RB PV WV 20-11-1996: 2 at Aswan resting on a sandbank. Goodman c.s.: rare PV to inland waters (monotypic) [includes strenua, tschegrava]
Greater Crested Tern Sterna  bergii  velox RB?WV    
Lesser Crested Tern Sterna  bengalensis (1) torresii  Status unknown Breeding along the Mediteranean coast of Lybia. One specimen colected in the Gulf of Suez has been identified as this ssp(Cramp 1985). Mediterranean, Persian Gulf, Pakistan, and Australasia [includes emigrata]
      (2) bengalensis  MB PV    Red Sea and Indian Ocean (except Arabian Sea) [includes arabicus, par]
Sandwich Tern Sterna  sandvicensis sandvicensis  PV WV   From Western Europe east to Caspian Sea
Roseate Tern Sterna  dougallii (1) dougallii  AV? 5 were observed on 6 May 1980 at Suez by Sharif Baha El Din. One at Beni Hassan on 16 March 1995 and 2 possible birds near Sohag on 30 Sep. 1985(Pharaoh's Birds-John Miles)  Atlantic Ocean
      (2) bangsi  ?   Western Indian Ocean and north-west Pacific Ocean [includes arideensis]
Common Tern Sterna  hirundo  hirundo  PV   Europe, west Asia, and North America [includes turkestanicus]
Arctic Tern Sterna  paradisaea    AV? One hit the Damietta lighthouse on 5 Nov 1920 (Meinertzhagen) but recod not accepted. Observed in Israel, and one colected at Karthoum (Sudan)16 May 1982(Nikolaus 1989) (monotypic)
White-cheeked Tern Sterna  repressa    MB   (monotypic)
Bridled Tern Onychoprion (formerly Sterna) anaethetus antarctica  MB   Red Sea to western Indian Ocean
Sooty Tern Onychoprion (formerly Sterna) fuscata  nubilosa  AV? 1 first year at Hamata on 18 09. 2005 by Staffan Rodebrand and Bo Thoor, Southern Red Sea and Indian Ocean, vagrant WP. Record not unanimouslly accepted, withouth description or photograph.
Little Tern Sterna  albifrons albifrons  MB PV I Moldovan and T.Haraldsson:In passange(Apr.2007), many observed roosting on the sand banks of Abu Mingar reef(Hurghada). 10-05-2008: 2 Aswan Reservoir, 23-05-2007: 6 Lake Nasser about 20 km north east of Garf Husein (GPS N 23°19’ 48’’ E 032°53’19’’) by Dick Hoeck North Africa and Europe to central Asia and India [includes innominata]
Saunders's Tern Sterna  saundersi    AV (PV?) An adult with 4 Little Terns observed at close range roosting and fishing in afternoon of 22/7/06 in Suez Bay by Mark Lopez ( mark.lopez@tiscali.co.uk) , Chris Bell and Richard Taylor (England). Ibis (2005), 147: 821–826. IOC. Two seen at Ras Mohamed on 10 April 1992, a single bird at Tawila Island on 30 Aug 1995 (John Miles) Breeds Red Sea, Socotra, Gulf, winters further S, HBW3. Breeds SE Iran, SW Pakistan coasts R&A 2005.Egypt Avib, BOE (monotypic)
Whiskered Tern Chlidonias  hybrida hybrida PV WV   [includes leucopareia]
Black Tern Chlidonias  niger niger  PV WV   Eurasia
White-winged Tern Chlidonias  leucopterus    PV WV   (monotypic)
Brown Noddy (Common) Anous  stolidus  stolidus  AV? An old specmen from Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique is labbeled "Égypte". Not now f it is from the actual teritory of Sudan. A single record from Nile at Edfu on 23 of March 1986 (John Miles-Pharaoh's Birds) vagrant to WP: collected in the waddensea near Husum, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, early October 1912; rejected in Egypt and Israel [so far no WP record in Red Sea of pileatus]
African Skimmer Rynchops  flavirostris    RB? PV 5 to 7 07-1989: 10- 15 pairs nesting on a small island near Abu Simbel (Erik Bos in Sherif M. Baha El Din 1992) 15 June 1990: idem Sherif Baha El Din in Sherif M. Baha El Din 1992) 24 of Oct.2007 at new Aswan bridge, 2 ex by Mary Megalli. On 13 Jan 2008 on a sand bank south of Edfu 8 ex. by Tomas Haraldsson. (monotypic)
ALCIDAE            
Razorbill Alca  torda islandica or torda AV A dead one was found at at beach at Rameleh, near Alexandria in the winter of 1908-1909(Ticehurst 1902). Iceland, Faeroes, Britain, Ireland, and western France [includes britannica]
PTEROCLIDIDAE            
Lichtenstein's Sandgrouse Pterocles  lichtensteinii (2) lichtensteinii  RB   Middle East and eastern Egypt south to central Arabia and north-east Africa [includes abessinicus, arabicus, hyperythrus, nigricans]
Crowned Sandgrouse Pterocles  coronatus (1) coronatus  RB Eastern Desert  Sahara east to Red Sea
      (2) vastitas  RB Breeds Sinai Sinai and Middle East
Spotted Sandgrouse Pterocles  senegallus    RB   (monotypic)
Chestnut-bellied Sandgrouse Pterocles  exustus (1) floweri  FB (RB?)   Northern Egypt (extinct)
Black-bellied Sandgrouse Pterocles  orientalis (1) orientalis  (WV)   North Africa, Iberia, Turkey, and western Iran
Pin-tailed Sandgrouse Pterocles  alchata caudacutus AV (WV?) One was colected at Rafa on 14th of Nov 1917(Goodman and Meininger 1989) and 1♀ at sewage pounds in Naama Bay at 18 Dec 2004 by Ingo Waschkies ingo@math.unice.fr Publ Sandgrouse27(2) 2005 North Africa and western Asia [includes bogdanowi]
COLUMBIDAE            
Rock Dove Columba  livia (1) livia  RB Between Salum and Marsa Matruh (North Coast) Canary Islands, northern fringe of North Africa (except Nile delta), and Europe east to Urals, western Turkey, and Cyprus [includes atlantis, canariensis]
      (2) dakhlae  RB   Dakhla and Kharga oasis (western Egypt)
      (3) schimperi  RB   Nile Valley of Egypt and northern Sudan [includes butleri]
      (4)palaestinae (formerly "gaddi") RB   Sinai and Middle East from Syria and south-central Turkey to Arabia
Stock Dove Columba  oenas  oenas  WV   [includes hyrcana]
Common Woodpigeon Columba  palumbus palumbus  AV 15May1997Kom Hamada,Beheira Gov(30°46'30°42E')Publ.Sandgrouse14/2 1991. Included on the list of birds of Sinai (Jom-Tov 1987) North Africa, Europe, western Siberia, and the Middle East [includes excelsus, kleinschmidti, ghigii]
African Collared Dove Streptopelia  roseogrisea (2) arabica  RB Gebel Elba, as far north as Wadi Gamal. Coasts of southern Red Sea from extreme south-east Egypt to Somalia and from Saudi Arabia to Yemen
Eurasian Collared Dove Streptopelia  decaocto  decaocto RB Invasive species, spreading along the green coridors formed by the resorts along the Red Sea. 2 pairs at Hurghada Sewage pools in 2006 (M.Istvan and Tomas Haraldsson) to 47 indivuduals counted at April 2008. [includes stoliczkae]
European Turtle Dove Streptopelia  turtur (1) turtur  PV   Canary Islands, Europe (except the Balearic Islands), western Siberia, northern Levant, Cyprus, Turkey, and the Caucasus area [includes moltonii]
      (2) arenicola  PV   North-west Africa, Balearic Islands, southern Levant, and from Iraq east to central Asia
      (3) rufescens  RB   Oases in western desert of Egypt
      (4) isabellina  RB   Nile valley and delta, in Egypt and northern Sudan
Laughing Dove Streptopelia  senegalensis (1) phoenicophila  ? Hovel (1987) stated that had examined material referable to this ssp. North-west Africa and (apparently introduced) Turkey and Syria
      (2) aegyptiaca  RB   Egypt, except extreme southern Nile valley [includes dakhlae]
      (3) senegalensis  RB   Afrotropics north to central Sahara and southern Egypt; also, western Arabia, Israel, and Jordan [includes sudanensis, thome]
Namaqua Dove Oena  capensis  capensis RB Luxor (Abdul Youssef knows the breeding location).2007 Oct 13 at Soma Bay by Annie Sevin. All year roundl at Sworks Hurghada(juveniles seen).+ 4 ringed in April 2008. 1 fem at 26.04 2008 at Elephantine Island by Dick Hoeck. In march 2008 seen at resting place between Safaga and Luxor, Also in Wadi Abu el Had in spring 2007 by Graem Pegram and Gudrun Hilgerloth.. 3 were reported by Robson ? and Chris Kehoe at the overflow pool at the Sharm El Sheich Sewage Works NW of Naama on the 12th.Oct 2005. 3 at Luxor sewagee water plant on 15 Jan 2008 by Tomas Haraldsson.  
PSITTACIDAE            
Rose-ringed Parakeet Psittacula  krameri manillensis  IB Breeds in the gardens of Cairo.1 at Hurghada on 28 Oct 2007by Dick Forsman and Moldován István. 1 at Naama Bay on 05.12.2000 was seen close to the beach below Mövenpick Hotel by Tommy Pedersen Southern India and Sri Lanka, introduced WP
Alexandrine Parakeet Psittacula  eupatria IB Observed by Mindy Rosenzveig pers.com. 24-04-2007: 2in Cairo (El Urman Garden) in a group of Rose-ringed Parakeet, and on 12 March in Maadi were around 10.
CUCULIDAE            
Great Spotted Cuckoo Clamator  glandarius  glandarius MB PV 1 juv at Wadi Lahami on 16 Sep 2007 by Vanyi Robert and Emri Tamas .   
Common Cuckoo Cuculus  canorus canorus  PV   Central, eastern, and northern Europe, the Middle East, and northern Asia [includes johanseni, kleinschmidti, telephonus, maximus]
Senegal Coucal Centropus  senegalensis  aegyptius RB 1 has breed in Verde Compound (Cairo Alexandria road) in 2008, reported by Sharif Baha El Din  
TYTONIDAE            
Barn Owl Tyto  alba (1)erlangeri  RB 1 at Sinai, Nabaq area(Rihana Resort) on 26 Nov 2008(I.Moldován) North Africa, southern Greece, Cyprus, southern Turkey, and from the Levant (Sinai)and Iran to Arabia [includes microsticta]
      (2)alba RB   Britain, Ireland, France, and through southern Europe east to northern Greece and north-west Turkey; also, central Canary Islands.Continental part of Egypt
STRIGIDAE            
Pallid Scops Owl Otus  brucei (1) exiguus  AV (WV ?) 1991 November in Taba, by Andrev Griew, 6 Dec 2008 Agilika Island by Istvan Moldovan (unpubl). Israel, central Iraq, and southern Iran east to western Pakistan
      (2) obsoletus  ?   Northern Syria, south-east Turkey, northern Iraq, and through northern Iran, Turkmenistan, and northern Afghanistan to lowlands of Uzbekistan
European Scops Owl Otus  scops (1) cycladum  PV WV One burd taken at Matruh on 13 April 1973, aproach the plumage coloration of this form, Southern Greece, southern Turkey east to the Çukurova area, and the Levant
      (2) scops  PV   France and Sardinia throughout central and southern Europe to the lower Volga river, northern Greece, northern Turkey, and Transcaucasia [includes vincii]
White-faced Scops Owl Otus  leucotis   ? 1 specimen in coll. Of Clot-Bay (Grenoble,France), labbeled Egypt.  
Pharaohs Eagle Owl Bubo  ascalaphus  ascalaphus  RB 2007 and 2008 breeds at outskirts of Hurghada, nestlings ringed.2 more pairs found at Southern boundary of Hurghada in November 2008. Misonne described a single bird resident at Uweinat, in Karkur Tahl and Wadi Hanzul, between 08/11/1968 and 05/12/1968, and Clayton found one resident in a cairn at 27º00’N, 25º10’E (120 miles west of Dalla), and in the Sand Sea. 1 at Naama Bay on 01.12.2000. At Mövenpick Sport Hotel (Jolie Cinema) at 22:15by Tommy Pedersen. 1 at Gebel Silsilah on 13 May 2008 by Annie Sevin Deserts of North Africa, Arabia, and Middle East, east to western Iraq 
      desertorum ?  
Byzantine Eagle Owl Bubo interpositus interpositus  AV? A "hybrid" specimen, intermediate between ascalaphus and interpositus has been colected at El Arish on 30 September 1918 (Giza Zoolocical Museum). Western, northern, and north-eastern coasts of Black Sea east along lower Volga to Mangyshlak peninsula, Turkey, and from the Levant to north-west Iran and the Caucasus area [includes armeniacus, nativus, tauricus, transcaucasicus]
Little Owl Athene  noctua (1) saharae    Western Desert Sahara [includes solitudinis]
      (2) glaux    C to South Sinai (Vaurie 1956 North Africa (north of saharae) and coastal Israel north to Haifa
      (3) lilith  RB Sinai Peninsula, uncomon breeder in RS Mountains. One observed at Temple of Esna in March 2005 by István Moldován. Cyprus, inland parts of Levant, south-east Turkey, and western and northern Iraq
      (4) spilogaster   One specimen taken at Gebel Elba approaches A. n. spilogaster from coastal Sudan and Eritrea Coastal Sudan, Eritrea 
Tawny Owl Strix  aluco sylvatica  AV? Rejected by Meinertzhagen (1930). No more records, altough breeds N Israel. Southern Europe east to the western half of Asia Minor, in west north to France and Britain [includes clanceyi]
Hume's Owl Strix  butleri   RB Breeds along the Red Sea Mountains and Sinai Peninsula. Personal observation W of Hurghada at Wadi Rashid on 24 December 2006. (monotypic) Egypt along the Red Sea Mountains and Sinai
Long-eared Owl Asio  otus otus  RB PV WV Nestlings were seen in spring 2008 along the Cairo -Alexandria road, at Verde Compound and at Wadi Foods. ( Sharif Baha El Din and Hala Barakat) Azores, North Africa, and Eurasia [includes turcmenica]
Short-eared Owl Asio  flammeus  flammeus  CB PV WV Wingate collected a skeleton in the sand sea about 120 miles S of Farafra, at 27º30’N,25º35’E, on 04/03/1933 26.One at April 2008 at Hurghada Sewage Works. Seen at extreme south east Egypt as well. Spring 1990: nest with chicks near Bilbeis in north-eastern Delta (Sherif Tewfiq in Sherif M. Baha El Din 1992) [includes pallidus]
CAPRIMULGIDAE            
Nubian Nightjar Caprimulgus  nubicus  tamaricis PV? No recent records. Small numbers were recorded at SSH when the Israeli population was strong.   
      nubicus MB? Only known from Gebel Elba region.One specimen collected from this locallity is held by University of Michigan,Museum of Zoology (Goodman and Meininger-BOE).  
European Nightjar Caprimulgus  europaeus (1) meridionalis  PV A male and female collected on 16 April 1923 (Meinertzhagen, 1930; BMNH 1965.M.5331-5332) may be referable to this form. North Africa, southern Europe, Cyprus, Middle East, Caucasus area, and north-west Iran
      (2) europaeus  PV Kiepenheuerand and Linsenmair (1965) saw this species on a few occasions between 19 and 27 September 1963 and collected a male 110 km north of Siwa on 16 September and a female in Siwa on 26 September that Steinbacher (1965) identified as nominate "europaeus". Central and northern Europe east to central Siberia
      (3) unwini  AV One bird colected on a ship off Port Said on 30 May 1930 was identified by Meinertzhagen to belong to this ssp. East Iraq and Iran to foot of western Tien Shan
Egyptian Nightjar Caprimulgus  aegyptius (1) saharae  RB 1 ringed at Hurgada SW on 16 of March 2008 by Arthur Niemczyk.At least in spring and winter, is fairly common at Abu Simbel. 11-12-2008: 1 on small island near Chor Ramlah, Lake Nasser by D.Hoeck .Ssp unknown. North Africa east to Nile valley
      (2) aegyptius  RB Specimens of nominate aegyptius from Wadi Natroun include two adult females taken on 18 March 1910 and two adult males obtained on 25 March 1910 (all in GZM). North-east Egypt, Middle East, and Arabia to west-central Asia [includes arenicolor]
Long-tailed Nightjar Caprimulgus  climacurus   ? 1 specimen in coll. of Clot-Bay (Grenoble,France), labbeled Egypt.  
APODIDAE            
Alpine Swift Apus  melba (1) melba PV (WV) 10-06-1989: 20 birds were found nesting at Sad El Rawafa, North Sinai (Sherif & Mindy Baha El Din, Ahmed Riad in Sherif M. Baha El Din 1992)  Northern Morocco and southern Europe east to Caucasus area and north-west Iran [includes obscurus]
      (2) tuneti  AV One specimen colected on 31 Oct 1957 at El Dokki and one colected on 4 October 1917 at El Rafa belongs to "tunetti" ssp. British Museum (Tring).  North Africa (except northern Morocco), Lebanon, Syria, and from south-west Iran and Transcaspia east to western Pakistan, Alai ranges, Tien Shan, and Dzhungarian Alatau
Common Swift Apus  apus apus  PV One female specimen collected at Wadi Natrun(UMMZ 207151) on 27 May 1984 out of a flock of about 20 , is referable to nominate "apus". North Africa, Europe, the Middle East, and western and north-central Asia
Pallid Swift Apus  pallidus (1) pallidus  RB   Sahara, Egypt, and from the Levant east to Pakistan
      (2) brehmorum  MB?PV Probably is the form breeding near Matruh and Western Desert. Canary Islands, Madeira, coastal North Africa from Morocco to north-east Libya, southern Europe (except east coast of Adriatic Sea), north-west Turkey, Cyprus, and (perhaps this subspecies) southern Turkey
      (3) illyricus  PV   East coast of Adriatic Sea
Little Swift Apus  affinis (1) aerobates  (?) Banc d'Arguin (Mauritania) to central Africa
      (2) galilejensis  (PV) Psange visitor, mainly spring migrant along the Nile valley.Not known which ssp is migrating trought the country but " galilejensis" is probably on geographical ground.1 by Tom Coles at Cairo (above Nile) in April 2004, and one at Sharm el Sheich sewage pools by Dick Forsman on 21 Nov 2008. Northern Africa and from the Middle East east to Uzbekistan and western Pakistan
African Palm Swift Cypsiurus  parvus  parvus AV? 4 birds were observed at Abu Simbel by Meinertzhagen in February 1928. The record is no longer accepted, due to the recent discreditation of Meinertzhagen.
ALCEDINIDAE            
White-throated Kingfisher Halcyon  smyrnensis  smyrnensis RB WV Spreading South along the Nile Valey in the last 5 years (Istvan Moldován 2008).Has been recorded in N. Sinai since the 80s(Richard Hoath" (rhoath@aucegypt.ed).1 at Sharm el Sheikh old sewage farm in September/October 1995 with 2 on 13 October 1995 1 at Sharm el Sheikh old sewage farm in September/October 1996 1 at Sharm el Sheikh old sewage farm in December 1997 1 at Sharm el Sheikh old sewage farm in September 1999(source:Andrew Grieve(ag1947@hotmail.co.uk) Regularly, in the Taba Hilton Hotel garden (in mid-80's), and lots of them in Rafah and El Arish. One at Moon Beach, down the west coast past Ras Sudr, byRon Hess. One at Wadi Dome last month (Judy Youssef' and M. Megalli) One at Sidi Abdel Rahman,the westernmost sighting on 17 of December 2008, about 8 a.m., 2007. GPS 30 58.441N 28 45.560E(Mary Megalli).One individual was trapped in mist nets, and ringed, at the Old Farm on 19 March 2003 by Francesco Germi  
Common Kingfisher Alcedo  atthis atthis  RB PV WV 1 at Wadi Gamal „delta” in November 2006. North-west Africa, southern and eastern Europe, Turkey, and from the Levant east to central Asia and Pakistan [includes margelanica, pallasii, pallida, suschkini]
Pied Kingfisher Ceryle  rudis rudis  RB (WV) Population is increasing, birds has been observed as far S as Dashur(M.Megalli pers.com). Egypt and Afrotropics 
MEROPIDAE            
Green Bee-eater Merops  orientalis (1) cleopatra  RB   Egypt
      (2) cyanophrys  AV Probably vagrant from Israel where breeds. Several blue headed birds, referable to this ssp. has been observed near Taba. Israel and through western Arabia to Yemen [includes meccanus]
      (3) viridissimus AV? Meinertzhagen (1930) reported that a bird collected near Gebel Elba is referable to this form.  
Blue-cheeked Bee-eater Merops  persicus persicus  MB PV   Northern Egypt and Middle East, east to Kazakhstan and north-west India [includes erythraeus]
European Bee-eater Merops  apiaster    MB PV Rare breeder in NE Sinai. 1 at Sewage works of Sharm on 27 Nov 2008, and 1 at Sewage works of Hurghada on 25 Nov 2008. (monotypic)
Northen Carmine Bee-eater Merops  nubicus    ? 1 specimen in coll. Of Clot-Bay (Grenoble,France), labbeled Egypt.  
Red-throated Bee-eater Merops  bullock   ? 1 specimen in coll. Of Clot-Bay (Grenoble,France), labbeled Egypt.  
Little Bee-eater Merops  pusillus   ? 3 specimens in coll. Of Clot-Bay (Grenoble,France), labbeled Egypt.  
CORACIIDAE            
European Roller Coracias  garrulus garrulus  PV One at Sharm el Sheich by, Robson? and Chris Keohe on 14 October 2005 1 at old sewagee pounds of Sharm el Sheikh on 21- 23 May 2008 by Ahmed Riad. North Africa, Europe, south-west Siberia, and northern Kazakhstan east to Ob' and western Altai, and in Turkey, the Levant, and north-west Iran [includes caucasica]
Abyssinian Roller Coracias  abyssinicus    AV A wing and tail of this migrant to the Sahel was found in Karkur Ibrahim at Uweinat on 22/11/19685.(Misonne). A was male taken on 14 February 1928 at AbuSimbil (BMNH 1965.M.6011; Meinertzhagen, 1930) and a bird collected in 1874 in "Egypt" (FMNH 40783) (monotypic) [includes arabicus, minor] vagrant to Egypt
BUCEROTIDAE          
African Grey Hornbill Trockus  nasutus   Escape Published by Robel D. (Zoology of the Middle East) Transvaal, lowland Swaziland,Botswana and Zimbabwe, central and northen Namibia except the costal desert.
UPUPIDAE          
Eurasian Hoopoe Upupa  epops (1) major  RB Western Desert Oasis, Nile Valley. Egypt, northern Chad, and northern Sudan
      (2) epops  PV   North-west Africa, Europe, the Middle East, and western Asia [includes loudoni, orientalis, renzoi]
PICIDAE            
Eurasian Wryneck Jynx  torquilla (1) torquilla  PV (WV) Ringed in god numbers in Hurghada (mid March to mid April). Present in passange all along the Red Sea coast, feeding in the green areas, golf courses of the resorts. Northern and central Europe east to Bulgaria, Caucasus area, and (perhaps this subspecies) northern Turkey
      (2) tschusii  PV? Two specimens collected at Bahig on 10 March and 18 April 1971 are referable to this ssp.( Goodman and Watson 1983) Italy, Corsica, coastal zone of former Yugoslavia, and probably this race Greece and southern Iberia
Syrian Woodpecker Dendrocopos  syriacus syriacus  RB Rare breeder in NE Sinai (Rafa). Observed in Wadi El Arish. Central Europe, Balkan countries, western and southern Turkey, the Levant, and south-west Iran [includes balcanicus, romanicus]
Grey Woodpecker Dendropicos goertae koenigi ? 1 specimen in coll. of Clot-Bay (Grenoble,France), labbeled Egypt.  
ALAUDIDAE            
Black-crowned Sparrow-lark Eremopterix  nigriceps melanauchen  RB Breeds at Halaib triangle, in some year at Bir Shalatien. Abdul from Crocodile Island knows a breeding place at Luxor (West bank). Three were seen by Nicoll during the winter of 1912-1913 (Meinertzhagen, 1930) and an adult male (GZM 4457) was shot on 10 September 1911 ( see Nicoll, 19 12). Moreau (1934) mentioned a specimen collected by Bagnold on 3 October in the desert between Dakhla and Uweinat at 23O50'N, 27'40'E. 1 at Safaga on 2003-05-15 by Jens Søgaard Hansen Source www.surfbirds.com Coastal plains of western Red Sea from Sudan to Somalia, Arabia, and Iran to north-west India [includes affinis]
Dunn's Lark Eremalauda  dunni dunni ?   7 birds were found 45 km S of El Arish on 29 Aug 1991. Up to 6 males were displaying on 27 of April 1992 and 3 found by Wadi Girafi on 21st of Dec. 1994 . Ssp.unknown(John Miles- PB) Sahara
Bar-tailed Lark Ammomanes  cinctura arenicolor  RB   Sahara, Arabia, and Middle East
Desert Lark Ammomanes  deserti isabellinus  RB   Egypt (except Nile valley), north-east Sudan, and in Middle East from Israel and Jordan south to central Arabia [includes fraterculus; hijazensis??]
      deserti  RB   Central and southern Egyptian Nile valley
Greater Hoopoe Lark Alaemon  alaudipes alaudipes  RB Recorded all year round, semmingly more often on Quseir-Bir Shalatien road. Observed on Giftun Island in May 2004 (I.Moldovan) Africa and Arabia (in both, except coastal plains of southern Red Sea), and western part of Middle East
Dupont's Lark Chersophilus  duponti margaritae  RB Meinertzhagen (192 1) observed this species in the desert 24 km south of Salum and in the desert north of Siwa. Up to 8 brds observed on Marsa Matruh-Salum road in March1994. Confined to the wester desert, E and S of M.Matruh, with records from March to October. Algeria on southern slope of Atlas Saharien and in northern Sahara, east through southern Tunisia and Libya to north-west Egypt
Thick-billed Lark Rhamphocoris  clotbey    (CB?)(WV) Mostly in late spring along Cairo Suez road. Specimen collected at Marsa Matruh 16 Sept 1941 is in GZM(B472). (Goodman and Watson 1983). A flock of 15 were found 52 km South ofMarsa Matruh on 28 September 1994. Three on June 1995. youngs were seen on the wing in the same month, this making the firs confirmed breeding record, after a female with brood patch has been found back in 1922. (monotypic)
Calandra Lark Melanocorypha  calandra (1) calandra  WV Southernmost record at Wadi Adeib (Gebel Elba) on 22 Feb. 1985(Michigan Museum of Zoology-USA) North Africa and southern Europe through Turkey and Caucasus area east to north-west and north Iran, western shore of Caspian Sea, and north-west Kazakhstan [includes hollomi]
Bimaculated Lark Melanocorypha  bimaculata rufescens  PV Ringed each spring at Hurghada Sewage Work, from 14.03 to 13 May.One at the military checkpoint on the Dakhla – Bir Terfawi road (23º27’N, 28º59’S) on 18/03/2002by Lajos Nemeth. Levant, western and central Asia Minor, and north-west Iraq
Greater Short-toed Lark Calandrella  brachydactyla (1) rubiginosa  ? I am not aware of specimens colected in Egypt, referable to this ssp. North Africa east to north-west Egypt, except coastal strip of northern Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia
      (2) brachydactyla  RB   Narrow coastal strip of northern Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia, as well as southern Europe east to Cyprus, western Turkey, Bulgaria, eastern Rumania, and Ukraine, north to western France, Italy, and coastal zone and south of former Yugoslavia [includes moreatica]
      (3) hungarica    Not recorded yet but possibly to be a PV on geographical ground. Hungary and neighbouring parts of Slovakia, northern Serbia, and western Rumania
      (4) hermonensis  PV    Middle East north to Syria, extreme south-east Turkey, and central Iraq
      (7) longipennis  PV WV   Plains of south-east European Russia, and from Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, and eastern Iran east to Tien Shan, north-west China, and northern Mongolia [includes orientalis]
Lesser Short-toed Lark Calandrella  rufescens nicolli  RB 1 at 15 of March 2008 at Hurghada SW-ringed by Artur Nyemczik Nile Delta
Crested Lark Galerida  cristata (1)brachyura  RB Can be a synonim of "altirostris". Sinai, southern Israel, southern Jordan, and western and southern Arabia (except mountains of south-west)
      (2) festae  ? Not ecorded yet. Coastal zone and hills of Cyrenaica (Libya)
      (3) altirostris  RB at Western Desert Nicoll (1912) collected a large series during March 1910 and November 191 1, including a female (GZM 4721) on 23 March 1910 with "ovary containing large eggs." Further, Raw (1921) saw young being fed by adults in mid-May 1918. Qa: On 4 March 1976, this species was noted 2 km north of Qara, where they may breed (Goodman and Ames, 1983). Th only record we are aware of this species in the oasis was on 7 September 1984 (SH, TIIHM). North-east Libya and north-west Egypt
      (4) maculatus  RB   Egypt, except north-west, delta, and southern part of Nile valley
      (5) nigricans  RB   Nile delta (Egypt)
      (6) halfae  ? Lack of data. Nile valley of southern Egypt and northern Sudan
Wood Lark Lullula  arborea (1) pallida  WV   North-west Africa and southern Europe from central, southern, and eastern Spain, Corsica, central Italy, Balkan countries, and Greece through Turkey, Crimea, Levant, and Caucasus area to Iran and Turkmenistan [includes flavescens, wettsteini]
      (2) arborea  WV   West, central, and northern Europe
Eurasian Skylark Alauda  arvensis cantarella  WV   Southern Europe, from north-east Spain and southern France through Italy, southern Hungary, Balkan countries, Rumania south and east of Carpathians, and Greece, east probably to western and central Turkey
Oriental Skylark Alauda  gulgula    AV (WV?) At Sharm El Sheich by Ingo Weiss between 26 Oct and 4 Nov 2007. Observation submitted to Egybirdgroup@yahoogroups.com 5+ wer observed by Andrea Corso( voloerrante@yahoo.it) in Sinai (October 2008). (ssp. unknown, near inconspicua; breeding grounds unknown, in winter in Israel)
Temminck's Lark Eremophila  bilopha    RB   (monotypic)
HIRUNDINIDAE            
Sand Martin Riparia  riparia (1) riparia      North-west Africa, Eurasia, and North America, south to Turkey, Caucasus area,northern Kazakhstan and Altai
      (2) shelleyi  MB   Egypt
      (3) eilata  ? Described by Hadoram Shirihai (1982) but not unanimously accepted Probably Syria and elsewhere in Middle East, migrant Israel
Pale Martin Riparia  diluta   PV Some birds caught at Hurghada sewage works, are likely to be Pale Martins (István Moldován). Specimens examined of' diluta include a male and female (BMNH 1965.M.8263-8264) taken on 14 April 1923 at Wadi Natron. (monotypic) Transcaspia and eastern Iran, east to south-central Siberia (where overlapping riparia without apparent interbreeding), migrant Middle East
Banded Martin Riparia  cincta erlangeri (?) AV 15-11-1988 One at Elephantine island Aswan ( Andy Clements 1990, published in Sandgrouse no.12) ssp. Erlangeri is the most northerly form, reaching Eritrea and Sudan.
Rock Martin Ptyonoprogne  fuligula (1) arabica  ? A single bird collected at Gebel Elba on 20 mar. 1928 is intermediate in size between obsoleta and arabica (BMNH 1965 M.8315) Sudan, south-west Arabia, and northern Somalia, north to extreme southern Egypt
      (2) obsoleta  RB   Egypt, southern Middle East, Arabia (except south-west and coastal zone of south-west Arabian Gulf), and south-west Iran
Eurasian Crag Martin Ptyonoprogne  rupestris    (PV) (WV)   (monotypic)
Barn Swallow Hirundo  rustica (1) rustica  PV   North Africa (except Egypt), Europe, and Middle East (except Levant) to central Asia
      (2) savignii  RB   Egypt, restricted to Nile Valley and Delta
      (3) transitiva  PV   Lebanon, southern Syria, Israel, and western Jordan
Ethiopian Swallow Hirundo  aethiopica    AV? One claimed record from Shams Alam (Wadi Gamal)by Staffan Rodebrand on 19 March 2004. Withouth photo the record is not acceptable.The species has been recorded in Israel. (Race of vagrant WP either aethiopica or amadoni)
Wire-tailed Swallow Hirundo  smithii   AV One record from Wadi Hagul on 30 March 1995, published in Sandgrouse by Ashleigh Rosier.  
Red-rumped Swallow Hirundo  daurica (1) rufula  PV (WV)   North Africa and southern Europe east to west-central Asia
      (2) daurica  PV 90% of the specimens ringed at Hurghada sewage works in spring 2008 are indicating this ssp., on the basis of tail lenght (M.Istvan and Arthur Nyemczik unpublished). Eastern Asia, vagrant WP
Common House Martin Delichon  urbica urbica PV (WV)    
MOTACILLIDAE            
Richard's Pipit Anthus  richardi   WV Found to be a regular winter visitor to El Gouna Golf Course by Tomas Haraldsson. On 23 March 2007 atEl Gouna golf course, one by Colin Richard. 3 at Wadi Natrun on 11 Oct 2008 by David Farrow. (monotypic)
Tawny Pipit Anthus  campestris campestris PV WV    
      griseus PV 80% of the birds ringed at Hurghada sewage works, belong to this form. Longer hind claws, sandy brown birds.Further details fom I.Moldován idegenvezeto@yahoo.com   
Long-billed Pipit Anthus  similis  nivescens RB Breeds in NE Gebel Elba 22°13'N36°23'E Publ Sandgrouse23(1) 2001  
Tree Pipit Anthus  trivialis trivialis PV   Wales, north-west England, and Scotland [sometimes separated as salomonseni]; rest of Europe and Middle East east to middle Yenisey basin, Caucasus area, and northern Iran [sometimes separated as trivialis s.s., including differens]; Central and eastern Siberia east from about Irtysh basin through Altai to northern Mongolia, Transbaikalia, and Lena Basin, migrant WP [sometimes separated as sibirica]; mountains of west-central Asia (Afghanistan and Pamir-Altai to Tien Shan and Tarbagatay), vagrant WP [sometimes separated as schlueteri]
Meadow Pipit Anthus  pratensis   PV WV   (monotypic) Ireland and western and northern Scotland north to Shetlands [sometimes called whistleri, includes theresae]; south-east Greenland, most of Europe, and west Siberia [pratensis s.s.]
Red-throated Pipit Anthus  cervinus    PV WV   (monotypic)
Water Pipit Anthus  spinoletta coutellii  PV WV   Asia Minor, Caucasus area, northern Iran, and south-west Turkmenistan
Buff-bellied Pipit Anthus  rubescens japonicus  WV 1 at Sharm and 1 migrating at Ras Mohamed by Ingo Weiss between 27 Oct-4 Nov 2007. 1 at St Katherine (El Malakeh Area) on 27 Nov 2008 by I.Moldován, Schuyler Van Dustin Hülts, and Anne Hilts. 1 to 3 birds by Björn Malmhagen at early November 2008 in Sharm El Sheich.3 birds on 11 Jan 2009 at Nama Bay sewagee, by Runne So Neergaard. Central and eastern Siberia, migrant WP
Yellow Wagtail Motacilla  flava (1) pygmaea  RB   Egypt
      (2) cinereocapilla  PV   Tunisia, Italy except southeast (Apulia), eastern part of Mediterranean coast of France, and western Slovenia
      (3) flava  PV   Central Europe, from western France, Netherlands, and southern Norway east to central European Russia, north to southern Sweden and St Petersburg area, south to central France, Alps, northern Ukraine, and through Pannonian plain to north-west Rumania
      (4) thunbergi  PV   Northern Europe and north-west Asia, north of flava and beema, east to Yenisey
      (5) beema  PV Several at the Sewage farm(Hurghada) on 2 May 2008. One ringed in spring 2008 at Hurghada sewage works. Ringing details at Red Sea Rangers office at Hurghada or Actia Baltica (Gdansk, Poland). East of flava, from central-east European Russia through northern Kazakhstan and south-west Siberia to upper Yenisey and Altai
      (6) feldegg  PV   Apulia in southeastern Italy, Balkan countries and Greece east through Turkey and southern Ukraine to western shore of Caspian Sea, Iran (except north-east), and Middle East; including melanogrisea from northern and eastern shore of Caspian Sea, east through Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, and north-east Iran to west-central Asia
Citrine Wagtail Motacilla  citreola citreola AV One record at Lake Bardawil, near Bir el Abd on 19 April 1985. 1 juv. at Hilton Sharm Dreams Hotel ,September 2007 by Jim Willson (surfbirds.com)Regular autumn and spring migrant at Eilat, Israel. Five birds were observed at SSH or St.Katherine in October 2008 by Andrea Corso voloerrante@yahoo.it  Baltic countries, Belarus, and northern Ukraine east through central European Russia to south-west Siberia (east to upper Yenisey) and northern Kazakhstan; apparently this race isolated in Turkey, and perhaps Transcaucasia and elsewhere in south-east Europe [often called werae]; northern Eurasia and eastern Asia, east of the White Sea and north-east European Russia [citreola s.s.]
Grey Wagtail Motacilla  cinerea cinerea  PV 1 at 29 February 2008 at Hurghada by Kelemen A.Marton Canary Islands, north-west Africa and Europe, east to Caucasus area, Iran, south-west Turkmenistan, Urals and Afghanistan to northern and eastern Asia [includes canariensis, caspica and melanope]
White Wagtail Motacilla  alba alba  PV WV   Europe, from Iberia, France, Netherlands, Iceland, and Norway east to Levant, western half of Turkey, lower Volga, and Urals; including dukhunensis: West Siberia from Urals and basin of Lower Ural river east to Yenisey, south to northern Kazakhstan; apparently this subtle race eastern half of Turkey, Caucasus area, and north-west and northern Iran
      dukhunensis AV? (PV)? One specimen showing caracters of this ssp, has being seen by Uffe Sorensen at Ras Sukhair on 2 of March 2009.  
African Wagtail Motacilla  aguimp  vidua RB Several birds has been photographed at Abu Simbel on 26 Feb2008 at the "airport bay" by Kelemen A. Marton and Tamas Papp (Milvus group, Romania) 29-11-2007 till 01-12-2007: Lake Nasser from the temple site of Amada on southwards to Abu Simbel, daily. Total number: 38 (Trip with EEAA, Aswan and Wed Abdu from Wadi Ryan, funded by GAINS)  
PYCNONOTIDAE            
White-spectacled Bulbul Pycnonotus  xanthopygos    RB Sinai Only untill Suez canal. (monotypic)
Common Bulbul Pycnonotus  barbatus arsinoe  RB Along the Nile Valley,and Northen Eastern Desert, up to Wadi Dome. Egypt and southern fringe of eastern Sahara
BOMBYCILLIDAE            
Grey Hypocolius Hypocolius  ampelinus    AV (WV) Specimen in GZM (A2424) obtained on 22 Dec 1938 at Gebel Elba. 1 at Shamsa Alam on 1 Jan 2007 by Jan Kiel, 2 at Quseir by Terry Mitcham on 14 February 2008, and 3 at Aswan King Tut Village on 24 of Feb by Mary Megalli and Anie Sevin. A first-winter or female was at Wadi Gemal on 2nd March 2009, seen by Eric Jan Alblas ej.alblas@kpnplanet.nl  (monotypic)
TROGLODYTIDAE            
Winter Wren Troglodytes troglodytes juniperi? Cypriaca? AV One bird in the garden of a hotel at El Alamein on 1 Feb 1997. Source: John Miles ssp.juniperi breeds in Lybia (Cyraneica) and cypriotes [includes syriacus] in Cyprus and Levant
PRUNELLIDAE           Northern and eastern Asia Minor, Crimea, and Caucasus area to northern Iran (except east) [includes erwini, krymensis, talyschensis]
Dunnock Prunella  modularis (1) obscura  (WV)   South of former Yugoslavia, Albania, Greece, and Bulgaria
      (2) modularis (WV)   Northern and eastern Turkey, Caucasus area, Iran, and south-west Turkmenistan [includes caucasicus, hypanis]
TURDIDAE            
Rufous-tailed Scrub Robin Cercotrichas  galactotes (1) galactotes  MB PV (WV) Late April to mid May, dayly seen at Sevage works Hurghada (2 ringed in april 2008) North Africa from Morocco to Egypt, Iberia, southern France (formerly), and in southern Levant north to southern Syria and Israel
      (2) syriacus  PV   Balkan countries, Greece, western and southern coastlands of Turkey, and Levant south to Lebanon
Black Scrub Robin Cercotrichas  podobe podobe  RB 29 Jan 1896 Cholmley, near Gebel Elba (rejected by Goodman&Meininger 1989).Misonne reported one from Wadi Tahl, ’Uweinat, on 04/11/1968. A single bird in Nuweiba in 1993 and one in Naama Bay on Jan 31. 1997. 1ad on 3rd of November 2000 in Gebel Elba(Wadi Adeib) by Saharif MBD, one adult from 24 of Nov 2006 to 20.02.2007 in Shamsa Alam Hotel by Mary Megalli, Sharif and Mindy BD, Steve Moldovan and Jan K. 1 at El Gouna Rihana Resort from February to end March 2008 by Stefan Magnusson and Steve Moldován. Northen Afrotropics, Sudan, up to Gebel Elba mountains (extreme SE Egypt).
      melanoptera AV (CB?) The birds observed in Sinai can not be excluded to belong to this form.  North-east Turkey, Caucasus, and Transcaucasia, Israel [includes ciscaucasicus]
European Robin Erithacus  rubecula rubecula  WV   Europe and North Africa, in southern former USSR east to Crimea and Taman Peninsula, in Middle East to central Turkey and Levant
Thrush Nightingale Luscinia  luscinia    PV  
Common Nightingale Luscinia  megarhynchos (1) megarhynchos  PV   Eastern Turkey and Caucasus area east through north and south-west Iran to western Turkmenistan [includes transcaucasica]
Siberian Rubythroat Luscinia  calliope   AV Autumn 1993 Hurghada Bull Orn Soc Middle East 32:44 – Dutch Birding 15:280 by Gerald Driessens monotypic) [includes anadyrensis , beicki, camtschatkensis , sachalinensis]
Bluethroat Luscinia  svecica (1) cyanecula PV WV Ringed at Hurgada by István Moldován. Central Europe, from eastern and northern France, Belgium, and Netherlands east to Carpathian basin, north-west Ukraine, central Belarus, and westernmost European Russia; perhaps this race northern Iberia [includes caucasica, obscura, wolfi]
      (2) svecica  PV WV Ringed at Hurgada by István Moldován.One of the most common winter visitor passerines. Northern Eurasia and Alaska, south to north European Russia and central and northern Urals, locally in mountains of central Europe [includes gaetkei, robusta]
      (3) volgae  PV WV ? In winter plumage is hard to separate it from "pallidogularis" if not impossible. North-east Ukraine and central European Russia east to central Volga river, south to lower Don and lower Volga [includes grotei, occidentalis]
White-throated Robin Irania  gutturalis    WV   monotypic
Black Redstart Phoenicurus  ochruros (1) gibraltariensis  PV WV   North-west Africa, and western and central Europe, north from northern Spain, Sicily, and Greece, east to Estonia, Ukraine, and probably westernmost Asia Minor
      (6) phoenicuroides  AV? One specimen colected at Giza on 16 February 1901 is referable to this ssp(Meinrtzhagen1930) Central Asia from Tien Shan to Mongolia, vagrant WP
Common Redstart Phoenicurus  phoenicurus (1) phoenicurus  PV (WV)   North-west Africa, Europe, and northern Asia, in south-east Europe south to north of former Yugoslavia and to Rumania and Ukraine (except Crimea)
      (2) samamisicus  PV (WV) North Coast. A number of specimen taken here are referable to this ssp (National Museum of Natural History, Washington, USA) South of former Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, Albania, Greece, Turkey, Crimea, and from Caucasus area east through Iran to Turkmenistan, south-east Uzbekistan, and southern Tadzhikistan
Blackstart Cercomela  melanura (1) airensis  RB? One was seen by Misonne in the upper reaches of Karkur Hamid, ’Uweinat, on 07/12/1968 and 30/12/19685. On geographical grounds can be this form, but also "lypura". Southern fringe of central Sahara north to Tibesti (Chad)
      (2) lypura  RB Near Gebel Elba South-east Egypt and east Sudan to north-east Ethiopia
      (3) melanura  RB This form occurs in Sinai. Dead Sea depression south to northern and inland southern Arabia
Whinchat Saxicola  rubetra    PV (monotypic) [includes margaretae, spatzi, senguni, and noskae]
Common Stonechat Saxicola  torquatus (1) maurus  WV 1 by Dick Forsman in 15 Nov 2008 at Hurghada sewage farm. Observed previously by Tomas Haraldsson. One 2y bird at SSH old sewage farm on 15 Jan 2009 by Runne So Neergaard, Denmark Northern and eastern European Russia east to Yenisey basin and north-west Mongolia, south to northern Kazakhstan, and through mountains of north-central Asia to Pamir-Alai system, Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, and north-east Iran
      (2) rubicola  PV WV Most common form in Egypt. North-west Africa and southern and central Europe (except for area inhabited by hibernans), east to western and northern Turkey, western Transcaucasia, western Caucasus, and Ukraine [includes graecorum, gabrielae, amaliae]
      (3) variegatus  PV WV   Eastern Caucasus, north-east Transcaucasia, and along western and northern shore of Caspian Sea north to lower Ural river
      (4) armenicus PV WV One male observed by Ingo Weiss in spring 2007. South-east Turkey, south-west and northern Iran, and south-central Transcaucasia
Pied Bushchat Saxicola  caprata  rossorum AV One male observesd in El Gouna in 2 of October 2006 by Jan Weinbecker and Birte Grossmann, and on 3 of Oct by Kai Gauger and Christoph Völlm christoph.voellm@gmx.de  
Isabelline Wheatear Oenanthe  isabellina    PV WV   (monotypic)
Northern Wheatear Oenanthe  oenanthe (1) seebohmi AV   (monotypic)
      (2) libanotica  ?   Southern Europe from Iberia east through Greece, Turkey, and Levant to Transcaucasia and Iran, north to Pyrénées, Alps, west and south of former Yugoslavia, southern and eastern Rumania, southern Ukraine, and Caucasus, and in Transcaspia from Tien Shan, Dzhungaria, Mongolia, and Tuva east to Transbaikalia and western Manchuria [includes argentea, nivea, virago]
      (3) oenanthe  PV   Northern Eurasia and Alaska, east from Faeroes, Ireland, and France, north of libanotica [includes rostrata]
Pied Wheatear Oenanthe  pleschanka    PV WV   (monotypic) [includes hendersoni]
Cyprus Wheatear Oenanthe  cypriaca    PV WV One male at Abu Simbel on January 18th 2003 by Tomas Haraldsson. 1 at El Gouna in April 2008 by Stefan Magnusson (monotypic)
Black-eared Wheatear Oenanthe  hispanica (1) hispanica  PV North Africa and south-west Europe east to Italy (except extreme south) and western Slovenia
      (2) melanoleuca  PV (WV) MB?   Southern Italy and from former Yugoslavia east to eastern Caspian Sea and Iran [includes amphileuca, caterinae, gaddi, xanthomelaena]
Desert Wheatear Oenanthe  deserti (1) homochroa  RB PV WV Western Desert North Africa and Sinai to western Negev (Israel)
      (2) deserti  RB PV WV Sinai and probably Eastern Desert Southern Middle East (except western Negev), east to Iraq
      (3) atrogularis  PV